trichloroethylene (TCE), phytoremediation of volatile contaminants.
Methanotrophic endophytes prevalent in wetlands have been found to contribute
to treating heavy metal contamination, organic contamination, and even greenhouse
gases. This group involves microbes from Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Collimonas,
Serratia, and Flavobacterium spp. (Stępniewska and Kuźniar 2013).
Studies by Bisht and group, 2015 have emphasized that rhizoremediation technique has significant advantage in case of polyaromatic hydrocarbons related treatment. In this case few microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomons
fluorescens, Mycobacterium spp., Haemophilus spp., Rhodococcus spp.,
Paenibacillus spp. have been found to be effective.
There are certain set of microorganisms which secrete biosurfactant, those
compounds which acts as aid/enhancer of bioremediation process. A number of
factors such as choice of surfactant, dose at the contamination site, interaction of the
surfactant, biodegaradable nature of the surfactant decide the fate of surfactant
enhancer bioremediation (SEB). These are Mycobacterium sp., Rhodococcus
erythropolis, Pseudomonas sp., Candida apicola, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus,
and Thiobacillus thiooxidans (Mohanty et al. 2013; Lawniczak et al. 2013).
A list of common environmental processes catalyzed by microbial guilds is
provided in Tables 8.1 and 8.2 summarized an overview of the bioremediation
potential of fungi.
This table has been introduced solely to highlight the significant role of different
fungi in the process of bioremediation of different kind of wastes.
8.6
Gene Related Studies
Environmental genomics/ecological genomics/community genomics, or
metagenomics is a field of science which enables to understand the genomes of
different types of microbes present in the environment or community under study,
further understanding the metaproteomics of the living system. This study plays a
pivotal role in the process of bioremediation of pollutants, as it is these
microorganisms are able to utilize these contaminants for their energy requirement.
It is the genes present in these microorganisms which allow specific contaminant
degradation as a carbon source or for energy purpose.
This field of science includes the study of genes, or orthologous set of genes and
enables to relate the functionality of the microbial protein families with respect to
particular metabolic functions. This implies in order to understand the entire functioning of the ecosystem, the link between the genomic data of the microbes, study of
their phylogenetic relationship, along with the analysis of their interaction is significant, so that one can understand how the entire network functions (Morales and
Holben 2011).
Metagenomics approach has helped in identification of novel gene products
shown in Table 8.3, which have been found well suited for industrial purposes
(Ojuederie and Babalola 2017).
8 Bioinformatics: A New Insight Tool to Deal with Environment Management
163
Methanotrophic endophytes prevalent in wetlands have been found to contribute
to treating heavy metal contamination, organic contamination, and even greenhouse
gases. This group involves microbes from Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Collimonas,
Serratia, and Flavobacterium spp. (Stępniewska and Kuźniar 2013).
Studies by Bisht and group, 2015 have emphasized that rhizoremediation technique has significant advantage in case of polyaromatic hydrocarbons related treatment. In this case few microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomons
fluorescens, Mycobacterium spp., Haemophilus spp., Rhodococcus spp.,
Paenibacillus spp. have been found to be effective.
There are certain set of microorganisms which secrete biosurfactant, those
compounds which acts as aid/enhancer of bioremediation process. A number of
factors such as choice of surfactant, dose at the contamination site, interaction of the
surfactant, biodegaradable nature of the surfactant decide the fate of surfactant
enhancer bioremediation (SEB). These are Mycobacterium sp., Rhodococcus
erythropolis, Pseudomonas sp., Candida apicola, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus,
and Thiobacillus thiooxidans (Mohanty et al. 2013; Lawniczak et al. 2013).
A list of common environmental processes catalyzed by microbial guilds is
provided in Tables 8.1 and 8.2 summarized an overview of the bioremediation
potential of fungi.
This table has been introduced solely to highlight the significant role of different
fungi in the process of bioremediation of different kind of wastes.
8.6
Gene Related Studies
Environmental genomics/ecological genomics/community genomics, or
metagenomics is a field of science which enables to understand the genomes of
different types of microbes present in the environment or community under study,
further understanding the metaproteomics of the living system. This study plays a
pivotal role in the process of bioremediation of pollutants, as it is these
microorganisms are able to utilize these contaminants for their energy requirement.
It is the genes present in these microorganisms which allow specific contaminant
degradation as a carbon source or for energy purpose.
This field of science includes the study of genes, or orthologous set of genes and
enables to relate the functionality of the microbial protein families with respect to
particular metabolic functions. This implies in order to understand the entire functioning of the ecosystem, the link between the genomic data of the microbes, study of
their phylogenetic relationship, along with the analysis of their interaction is significant, so that one can understand how the entire network functions (Morales and
Holben 2011).
Metagenomics approach has helped in identification of novel gene products
shown in Table 8.3, which have been found well suited for industrial purposes
(Ojuederie and Babalola 2017).
8 Bioinformatics: A New Insight Tool to Deal with Environment Management
163