64
S. Turner-Walker et al.
The Resilient Coastal Villages and Climate Field School
Programmes Implementing National Adaptation Priorities
Forming part of the programmatic activities for the National Action Plan Addressing
Climate Change (2012), are, under the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries,
the Resilient Coastal Villages Programme (Pengembangan Desa Pesisir Tangguh
or ‘PDPT’) and under the Ministry of Agriculture, the Climate Field School
(CFS) programme. In 2012–2014, the resilient coastal village development (PDPT)
programme was implemented across a total of 66 coastal villages in 22 districts and
cities throughout Indonesia (MAAF 2015). While addressing the vulnerability of
the agricultural sector, the CFS programme was undertaken across 33 provinces of
Indonesia, under the Ministry of Agriculture and BMKG. Although both programmes
target villages engaged in agricultural livelihoods, the programmes are administered
under different Ministries according to the geographic and sectoral affiliation, and the
targeting of vulnerable coastal areas and small islands and agriculture as strategic
clusters of vulnerability. The area geographically located on the coastline in case
study one was allotted under the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries, whereas the
area for case study two (which is also a coastal area) allotted under the Ministry of
Agriculture. Although both areas are primarily agricultural livelihood areas, fishing
livelihoods are reportedly more common in the second case study under the Ministry
of Agriculture programming. In case study one, farmers state that there are limited or
supplementary fishing livelihoods in their villages. The CFS programming falls under
Cluster 1: Adjustment of the food production system to climate change variation—(1)
adaptation of food production systems to climate variations and change through the
development of types of crops, planting patterns and cultivation technology that are
more resilient to extreme climate variation occurrences. (2) Development of climate
information system, an integrated crop calendar system and an early warning system
in terms of threats of droughts and floods as well as of organic disturbances that
adversely affect crops, livestock and fish. Various adaptation and mitigation activities
have been conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture for this, which include the development of CFS and the adjustment of planting calendars (Suroso et al. 2009). Coastal
areas as noted, are covered by a target for the resilience of specific areas (Suroso
et al. 2009) and programming for case study areas was developed accordingly. Strategically these seek to ensure the stability of livelihoods of coastal areas against the
threat of climate change, increase the environmental quality of coastal areas, develop
adaptation structures, adjust spatial plans and develop and optimise research and
information systems to build resilience to climate change in coastal areas (Suroso
et al. 2009). The Pengembangan Desa Pesisir Tangguh (PDPT) programme nationally was based on building stability against the threat of climate change, planning
for adaptation to climate change in identified villages, and adjusting relevant spatial
plans to include climate change threats. Lastly, focus included building ongoing
development and optimal use of climate change research and information systems in
these target areas. Under a further environmental and ecosystem management cluster
S. Turner-Walker et al.
The Resilient Coastal Villages and Climate Field School
Programmes Implementing National Adaptation Priorities
Forming part of the programmatic activities for the National Action Plan Addressing
Climate Change (2012), are, under the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries,
the Resilient Coastal Villages Programme (Pengembangan Desa Pesisir Tangguh
or ‘PDPT’) and under the Ministry of Agriculture, the Climate Field School
(CFS) programme. In 2012–2014, the resilient coastal village development (PDPT)
programme was implemented across a total of 66 coastal villages in 22 districts and
cities throughout Indonesia (MAAF 2015). While addressing the vulnerability of
the agricultural sector, the CFS programme was undertaken across 33 provinces of
Indonesia, under the Ministry of Agriculture and BMKG. Although both programmes
target villages engaged in agricultural livelihoods, the programmes are administered
under different Ministries according to the geographic and sectoral affiliation, and the
targeting of vulnerable coastal areas and small islands and agriculture as strategic
clusters of vulnerability. The area geographically located on the coastline in case
study one was allotted under the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries, whereas the
area for case study two (which is also a coastal area) allotted under the Ministry of
Agriculture. Although both areas are primarily agricultural livelihood areas, fishing
livelihoods are reportedly more common in the second case study under the Ministry
of Agriculture programming. In case study one, farmers state that there are limited or
supplementary fishing livelihoods in their villages. The CFS programming falls under
Cluster 1: Adjustment of the food production system to climate change variation—(1)
adaptation of food production systems to climate variations and change through the
development of types of crops, planting patterns and cultivation technology that are
more resilient to extreme climate variation occurrences. (2) Development of climate
information system, an integrated crop calendar system and an early warning system
in terms of threats of droughts and floods as well as of organic disturbances that
adversely affect crops, livestock and fish. Various adaptation and mitigation activities
have been conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture for this, which include the development of CFS and the adjustment of planting calendars (Suroso et al. 2009). Coastal
areas as noted, are covered by a target for the resilience of specific areas (Suroso
et al. 2009) and programming for case study areas was developed accordingly. Strategically these seek to ensure the stability of livelihoods of coastal areas against the
threat of climate change, increase the environmental quality of coastal areas, develop
adaptation structures, adjust spatial plans and develop and optimise research and
information systems to build resilience to climate change in coastal areas (Suroso
et al. 2009). The Pengembangan Desa Pesisir Tangguh (PDPT) programme nationally was based on building stability against the threat of climate change, planning
for adaptation to climate change in identified villages, and adjusting relevant spatial
plans to include climate change threats. Lastly, focus included building ongoing
development and optimal use of climate change research and information systems in
these target areas. Under a further environmental and ecosystem management cluster