28
A. Triyanti et al.
Although there are existing references and study which elaborate methods and socioeconomic variables, there is difficulties in terms of mismatch of scales between
natural and social systems. Socio-economic aspect of human development is very
dynamic and complex in nature, therefore oftentimes intangible; (2) Availability,
inconsistencies and reliability of the data; (3) Lack of synergy of CC and DRR due
to sectoral and policy segregation, as well as gaps on terminology and understanding
of the scope of disaster risk, climate change adaptation and mitigation; (4) Lack of
interdisciplinarity and continuous and monitored space for advancing science–policy
interface; and (5) Lack of political support. There are still challenges in communication between scientists and policy-makers, which affect the implementation of CCA
and DRR research. Furthermore, lack of coordination among governmental sector
and complex bureaucracy oftentimes also hindered the effectiveness of CCA and
DRR efforts.
Conclusion
This section highlights the contribution of the finding towards CCA and DRR theories, gaps and opportunities and future research direction, both apply to global and
national level using the case of Indonesia. We concluded that vulnerability and
resilience are largely controlled by human dynamics. Transformation and adaptive
capacity to governed interlinked issues such as climate change and disaster risk
reduction are dependent on socio-economic conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent
need of building knowledge and increasing understanding of the future based on the
socio-economic factors that increase vulnerability of disaster, exacerbated by climate
change. Interdisciplinary and holistic research is needed for the short and long term.
There is a new development in terms of future climate change and socio-economic
scenarios (RCPs and SSPs) which is based on the SRES scenario. However, the new
combination of RCPs and SSPs is still daunting (Nakicenovic et al. 2014; Van Vuuren
et al. 2011), therefore, for future research, it would be useful to unpack the SRES
SSPs to develop new insights through robust empirical research.
In the context of Indonesia, there is a need of a stronger emphasis on climate mitigation and adaptation and disaster risk reduction and adjustment of socio-economic
variables that goes beyond the economic indicators (i.e. GDP) such as of welfare,
health, education, social capital human development, participation and the role of
disruptive technology. It is also crucial to include the aspect of multi-hazard approach
to climate change impact, emerging technology and its adverse impact, and research
related to process and mechanism of inclusive development and sustainable impact of
research to community-based programme. It is therefore important to promote interdisciplinary research collaboration for a new generation of RCPs and SSPs through
available methods, including the integrated assessment modelling (IAM), and leveraging the role of social science and governance studies in future climate change
research.
A. Triyanti et al.
Although there are existing references and study which elaborate methods and socioeconomic variables, there is difficulties in terms of mismatch of scales between
natural and social systems. Socio-economic aspect of human development is very
dynamic and complex in nature, therefore oftentimes intangible; (2) Availability,
inconsistencies and reliability of the data; (3) Lack of synergy of CC and DRR due
to sectoral and policy segregation, as well as gaps on terminology and understanding
of the scope of disaster risk, climate change adaptation and mitigation; (4) Lack of
interdisciplinarity and continuous and monitored space for advancing science–policy
interface; and (5) Lack of political support. There are still challenges in communication between scientists and policy-makers, which affect the implementation of CCA
and DRR research. Furthermore, lack of coordination among governmental sector
and complex bureaucracy oftentimes also hindered the effectiveness of CCA and
DRR efforts.
Conclusion
This section highlights the contribution of the finding towards CCA and DRR theories, gaps and opportunities and future research direction, both apply to global and
national level using the case of Indonesia. We concluded that vulnerability and
resilience are largely controlled by human dynamics. Transformation and adaptive
capacity to governed interlinked issues such as climate change and disaster risk
reduction are dependent on socio-economic conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent
need of building knowledge and increasing understanding of the future based on the
socio-economic factors that increase vulnerability of disaster, exacerbated by climate
change. Interdisciplinary and holistic research is needed for the short and long term.
There is a new development in terms of future climate change and socio-economic
scenarios (RCPs and SSPs) which is based on the SRES scenario. However, the new
combination of RCPs and SSPs is still daunting (Nakicenovic et al. 2014; Van Vuuren
et al. 2011), therefore, for future research, it would be useful to unpack the SRES
SSPs to develop new insights through robust empirical research.
In the context of Indonesia, there is a need of a stronger emphasis on climate mitigation and adaptation and disaster risk reduction and adjustment of socio-economic
variables that goes beyond the economic indicators (i.e. GDP) such as of welfare,
health, education, social capital human development, participation and the role of
disruptive technology. It is also crucial to include the aspect of multi-hazard approach
to climate change impact, emerging technology and its adverse impact, and research
related to process and mechanism of inclusive development and sustainable impact of
research to community-based programme. It is therefore important to promote interdisciplinary research collaboration for a new generation of RCPs and SSPs through
available methods, including the integrated assessment modelling (IAM), and leveraging the role of social science and governance studies in future climate change
research.