7.4 Chemical Pre-treatment Methods
193
Table 7.3
Results from published work on organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass
Feedstock
Optimal operating
conditions
Catalyst
Biomass/solvent (g/ml) Cellulose yield (purity)
(%)
Delignification ratio, % Refs.
Cornstalk
Formic acid/acetic
acid/water: 6/3/1
(v/v/v), 90 °C, 180 min
HCl
1:5
57 (67)
99
[39]
Banana stem
70–90 vol% formic
acid in water, 80 °C,
60–180 min
–
1:10
52.9–62.1
75–83
[40]
Beech
Formic acid/water: 8/2
(v/v),
110–130 °C,180 min
–
1:10
45–50
80–90
[41]
Rice straw
70–98 vol% formic
acid in water,
90–115 °C,
30–120 min
–
1:20
32.1–69.8
85–90
[42]
Wheat straw
Formic acid/acetic
acid/water
= 3/6/1
(v/v/v), 85 °C, 240 min
HCl
1:20
47.2
94.1
[43]
Wheat straw
Formic acid/acetic
acid: 65/35 (w/w), 85%
in water, 105 °C,
180 min
–
1:10
48 (63)
98
[44]
Miscanthus
Ethanol/water: 6/4
(w/w), 170 °C
H
2 SO
4
1: 8 (w/w)
–
77.86
[45]
Corncob
Water/tetrahydrofuran
(THF): 3/7 (v/v),
200 °C, 60 min
–
1:25
83.5
89.8
[46]
(continued)