194
7 Resource Utilization of Agricultural/Forestry Residues …
Table 7.3
(continued)
Feedstock
Optimal operating
conditions
Catalyst
Biomass/solvent (g/ml) Cellulose yield (purity)
(%)
Delignification ratio, % Refs.
Bagasse
Water/ethanol/ethyl
acetate: 2/1/1 (v/v/v),
160 °C, 30 min
Formic acid
1:10
–
–
[47]
Rice husk, wheat
straw, bagasse
Water/ethanol: 1/1
(v/v), 180 °C, 60 min
H
2 SO
4
2:15
–
–
[48]
Sugarcane
Glycerol/water: 8/2
(v/v), 170 °C, 40 min
Oxalic acid
1:10
59.5–68.2
83.9
[49]
Triploid poplar
70 vol% aqueous
alcohol solution
(methanol, ethanol,
n-propanol and
n-butanol), 80 °C, 5 h
Formic acid,
triethylamine, NaOH
–
68.5–96.6
–
[50]
Pine sawdust
Water/ethanol: 1/1
(v/v), 180 °C, 60 min
Formic acid
1:10 (w/v)
64.6 (84.3)
–
[51]
7 Resource Utilization of Agricultural/Forestry Residues …
Table 7.3
(continued)
Feedstock
Optimal operating
conditions
Catalyst
Biomass/solvent (g/ml) Cellulose yield (purity)
(%)
Delignification ratio, % Refs.
Bagasse
Water/ethanol/ethyl
acetate: 2/1/1 (v/v/v),
160 °C, 30 min
Formic acid
1:10
–
–
[47]
Rice husk, wheat
straw, bagasse
Water/ethanol: 1/1
(v/v), 180 °C, 60 min
H
2 SO
4
2:15
–
–
[48]
Sugarcane
Glycerol/water: 8/2
(v/v), 170 °C, 40 min
Oxalic acid
1:10
59.5–68.2
83.9
[49]
Triploid poplar
70 vol% aqueous
alcohol solution
(methanol, ethanol,
n-propanol and
n-butanol), 80 °C, 5 h
Formic acid,
triethylamine, NaOH
–
68.5–96.6
–
[50]
Pine sawdust
Water/ethanol: 1/1
(v/v), 180 °C, 60 min
Formic acid
1:10 (w/v)
64.6 (84.3)
–
[51]