35. Zhang C, Huang Y, Chen S et al (2012) Photoelectrochemical analysis of the dyed TiO 2 /
electrolyte interface in long-term stability of dye-sensitized solar cells. J Phys Chem C 116
(37):19807–19813
36. Bae EG, Kim H, Hwang YH et al (2012) Genetic algorithm-assisted optimization of partially
dyed-TiO 2 for room-temperature printable photoanodes of dye-sensitized solar cells. J Mater
Chem 22(2):551–556
37. Ashkarran AA, Ghavamipour M, Hamidinezhad H et al (2015) Enhanced visible light-induced
hydrophilicity in sol–gel-derived Ag–TiO 2 hybrid nanolayers. Res Chem Intermed 41
(10):7299–7311
38. Haruta M, Uphade BS, Tsubota S et al (1998) Selective oxidation of propylene over gold
deposited on titanium-based oxides. Res Chem Intermed 24(3):329–336
39. Tian B, Zhang J, Tong T et al (2008) Preparation of Au/TiO 2 catalysts from Au (I)–thiosulfate
complex and study of their photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange. Appl
Catal B Environ 79(4):394–401
40. Wu Y, Liu H, Zhang J et al (2009) Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania
by deposited with gold. J Phys Chem C 113(33):14689–14695
41. Wang W, Zhang J, Chen F et al (2010) Catalysis of redox reactions by Ag@TiO 2 and Fe
3+ -
doped Ag@TiO 2 core–shell type nanoparticles. Res Chem Intermed 36(2):163–172
42. Wang Y, Feng C, Zhang M et al (2010) Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of
N-doped TiO 2 in relation to single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy and doped-nitrogen. Appl
Catal B Environ 100(1):84–90
43. Feng C, Wang Y, Zhang J et al (2012) The effect of infrared light on visible light
photocatalytic activity: an intensive contrast between Pt-doped TiO 2 and N-doped TiO 2 .
Appl Catal B Environ 113:61–71
44. Charanpahari A, Umare SS, Gokhale SP et al (2012) Enhanced photocatalytic activity of
multi-doped TiO 2 for the degradation of methyl orange. Appl Catal A Gen 443:96–102
45. Tian B, Li C, Gu F et al (2009) Synergetic effects of nitrogen doping and Au loading on
enhancing the visible-light photocatalytic activity of nano-TiO 2 . Catal Commun 10
(6):925–929
46. Zhang P, Shao C, Li X et al (2012) In situ assembly of well-dispersed Au nanoparticles on
TiO 2 /ZnO nanofibers: a three-way synergistic heterostructure with enhanced photocatalytic
activity. J Hazard Mater 237:331–338
47. Zhang Z, Yuan Y, Liang L et al (2008) Preparation and photoelectrocatalytic activity of ZnO
nanorods embedded in highly ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays electrode for azo dye degradation.
J Hazard Mater 158(2):517–522
48. Chattopadhyaya G, Macdonald DG, Bakhshi NN et al (2006) Removal of nitric oxide over
Saskatchewan lignite and its derivatives. Catal Lett 108(1):1–5
49. Yang M, Men Y, Li S et al (2012) Enhancement of catalytic activity over TiO 2 -modified Al 2 O 3
and ZnO–Cr 2 O 3 composite catalyst for hydrogen production via dimethyl ether steam
reforming. Appl Catal A Gen 433:26–34
50. Su R, Bechstein R, Sø L et al (2011) How the anatase-to-rutile ratio influences the
photoreactivity of TiO 2 . J Phys Chem C 115(49):24287–24292
51. Hurum DC, Agrios AG, Gray KA et al (2003) Explaining the enhanced photocatalytic activity
of Degussa P25 mixed-phase TiO 2 using EPR. J Phys Chem B 107(19):4545–4549
52. Scotti R, Bellobono IR, Canevali C et al (2008) SolÀgel pure and mixed-phase titanium
dioxide for photocatalytic purposes: relations between phase composition, catalytic activity,
and charge-trapped sites. Chem Mater 20(12):4051–4061
53. Puddu V, Choi H, Dionysiou DD et al (2010) TiO 2 photocatalyst for indoor air remediation:
influence of crystallinity, crystal phase, and UV radiation intensity on trichloroethylene
degradation. Appl Catal B Environ 94(3):211–218
54. Zheng R, Meng X, Tang F (2009) Synthesis, characterization and photodegradation study of
mixed-phase titania hollow submicrospheres with rough surface. Appl Surf Sci 255
(11):5989–5994
168
6 Phase Control of TiO 2 Photocatalyst
electrolyte interface in long-term stability of dye-sensitized solar cells. J Phys Chem C 116
(37):19807–19813
36. Bae EG, Kim H, Hwang YH et al (2012) Genetic algorithm-assisted optimization of partially
dyed-TiO 2 for room-temperature printable photoanodes of dye-sensitized solar cells. J Mater
Chem 22(2):551–556
37. Ashkarran AA, Ghavamipour M, Hamidinezhad H et al (2015) Enhanced visible light-induced
hydrophilicity in sol–gel-derived Ag–TiO 2 hybrid nanolayers. Res Chem Intermed 41
(10):7299–7311
38. Haruta M, Uphade BS, Tsubota S et al (1998) Selective oxidation of propylene over gold
deposited on titanium-based oxides. Res Chem Intermed 24(3):329–336
39. Tian B, Zhang J, Tong T et al (2008) Preparation of Au/TiO 2 catalysts from Au (I)–thiosulfate
complex and study of their photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange. Appl
Catal B Environ 79(4):394–401
40. Wu Y, Liu H, Zhang J et al (2009) Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania
by deposited with gold. J Phys Chem C 113(33):14689–14695
41. Wang W, Zhang J, Chen F et al (2010) Catalysis of redox reactions by Ag@TiO 2 and Fe
3+ -
doped Ag@TiO 2 core–shell type nanoparticles. Res Chem Intermed 36(2):163–172
42. Wang Y, Feng C, Zhang M et al (2010) Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of
N-doped TiO 2 in relation to single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy and doped-nitrogen. Appl
Catal B Environ 100(1):84–90
43. Feng C, Wang Y, Zhang J et al (2012) The effect of infrared light on visible light
photocatalytic activity: an intensive contrast between Pt-doped TiO 2 and N-doped TiO 2 .
Appl Catal B Environ 113:61–71
44. Charanpahari A, Umare SS, Gokhale SP et al (2012) Enhanced photocatalytic activity of
multi-doped TiO 2 for the degradation of methyl orange. Appl Catal A Gen 443:96–102
45. Tian B, Li C, Gu F et al (2009) Synergetic effects of nitrogen doping and Au loading on
enhancing the visible-light photocatalytic activity of nano-TiO 2 . Catal Commun 10
(6):925–929
46. Zhang P, Shao C, Li X et al (2012) In situ assembly of well-dispersed Au nanoparticles on
TiO 2 /ZnO nanofibers: a three-way synergistic heterostructure with enhanced photocatalytic
activity. J Hazard Mater 237:331–338
47. Zhang Z, Yuan Y, Liang L et al (2008) Preparation and photoelectrocatalytic activity of ZnO
nanorods embedded in highly ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays electrode for azo dye degradation.
J Hazard Mater 158(2):517–522
48. Chattopadhyaya G, Macdonald DG, Bakhshi NN et al (2006) Removal of nitric oxide over
Saskatchewan lignite and its derivatives. Catal Lett 108(1):1–5
49. Yang M, Men Y, Li S et al (2012) Enhancement of catalytic activity over TiO 2 -modified Al 2 O 3
and ZnO–Cr 2 O 3 composite catalyst for hydrogen production via dimethyl ether steam
reforming. Appl Catal A Gen 433:26–34
50. Su R, Bechstein R, Sø L et al (2011) How the anatase-to-rutile ratio influences the
photoreactivity of TiO 2 . J Phys Chem C 115(49):24287–24292
51. Hurum DC, Agrios AG, Gray KA et al (2003) Explaining the enhanced photocatalytic activity
of Degussa P25 mixed-phase TiO 2 using EPR. J Phys Chem B 107(19):4545–4549
52. Scotti R, Bellobono IR, Canevali C et al (2008) SolÀgel pure and mixed-phase titanium
dioxide for photocatalytic purposes: relations between phase composition, catalytic activity,
and charge-trapped sites. Chem Mater 20(12):4051–4061
53. Puddu V, Choi H, Dionysiou DD et al (2010) TiO 2 photocatalyst for indoor air remediation:
influence of crystallinity, crystal phase, and UV radiation intensity on trichloroethylene
degradation. Appl Catal B Environ 94(3):211–218
54. Zheng R, Meng X, Tang F (2009) Synthesis, characterization and photodegradation study of
mixed-phase titania hollow submicrospheres with rough surface. Appl Surf Sci 255
(11):5989–5994
168
6 Phase Control of TiO 2 Photocatalyst