13. Cheng QQ, Cao Y, Yang L et al (2011) Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of titania
microspheres with hierarchical structures. Mater Res Bull 46(3):372–377
14. Wang Y, Zhang L, Deng K et al (2007) Low temperature synthesis and photocatalytic activity
of rutile TiO 2 nanorod superstructures. J Phys Chem C 111(6):2709–2714
15. Wei J, Yao J, Zhang X et al (2007) Hydrothermal growth of titania nanostructures with tunable
phase and shape. Mater Lett 61(23):4610–4613
16. Hu YH (2012) A highly efficient photocatalyst—hydrogenated black TiO 2 for the
photocatalytic splitting of water. Angew Chem Int Ed 51(50):12410–12412
17. Oh JK, Lee JK, Kim HS et al (2010) TiO 2 branched nanostructure electrodes synthesized by
seeding method for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Mater 22(3):1114–1118
18. Ye M, Liu HY, Lin C et al (2013) Hierarchical rutile TiO 2 flower cluster-based high efficiency
dye-sensitized solar cells via direct hydrothermal growth on conducting substrates. Small 9
(2):312–321
19. Si P, Ding S, Yuan J et al (2011) Hierarchically structured one-dimensional TiO 2 for protein
immobilization, direct electrochemistry, and mediator-free glucose sensing. ACS Nano 5
(9):7617–7626
20. Etgar L, Gao P, Xue Z et al (2012) Mesoscopic CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /TiO 2 heterojunction solar cells.
J Am Chem Soc 134(42):17396–17399
21. Guo W, Xu C, Wang X et al (2012) Rectangular bunched rutile TiO 2 nanorod arrays grown on
carbon fiber for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Am Chem Soc 134(9):4437–4441
22. Wang YQ, Gu L, Guo YG et al (2012) Rutile-TiO 2 nanocoating for a high-rate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12
anode of a lithium-ion battery. J Am Chem Soc 134(18):7874–7879
23. So S, Lee K, Schmuki P (2012) Ultrafast growth of highly ordered anodic TiO 2 nanotubes in
lactic acid electrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 134(28):11316–11318
24. Wang WN, An WJ, Ramalingam B et al (2012) Size and structure matter: enhanced CO 2
photoreduction efficiency by size-resolved ultrafine Pt nanoparticles on TiO 2 single crystals. J
Am Chem Soc 134(27):11276–11281
25. Leghari SAK, Sajjad S, Chen F et al (2011) WO 3 /TiO 2 composite with morphology change via
hydrothermal template-free route as an efficient visible light photocatalyst. Chem Eng J 166
(3):906–915
26. Chen F, Zou W, Qu W et al (2009) Photocatalytic performance of a visible light TiO 2
photocatalyst prepared by a surface chemical modification process. Catal Commun 10
(11):1510–1513
27. Xing M, Zhang J, Chen F (2009) New approaches to prepare nitrogen-doped TiO 2
photocatalysts and study on their photocatalytic activities in visible light. Appl Catal B
Environ 89(3):563–569
28. Kim TH, Gómez-Solís C, Moctezuma E et al (2014) Sonochemical synthesis of Fe–TiO 2 –SiC
composite for degradation of rhodamine B under solar simulator. Res Chem Intermed 40
(4):1595–1605
29. Zuo F, Wang L, Wu T et al (2010) Self-doped Ti
3+ enhanced photocatalyst for hydrogen
production under visible light. J Am Chem Soc 132(34):11856–11857
30. Kim YJ, Lee MH, Kim HJ et al (2009) Formation of highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
by hierarchical pore generation with nanoporous TiO 2 spheres. Adv Mater 21(36):3668–3673
31. Liu S, Li Q, Hou C et al (2013) Hierarchical nitrogen and cobalt co-doped TiO 2 prepared by an
interface-controlled self-aggregation process. J Alloys Compd 575:128–136
32. Cai M, Pan X, Liu W et al (2013) Multiple adsorption of tributyl phosphate molecule at the
dyed-TiO 2 /electrolyte interface to suppress the charge recombination in dye-sensitized solar
cell. J Mater Chem A 1(15):4885–4892
33. Liang MS, Khaw CC, Liu CC et al (2013) Synthesis and characterisation of thin-film TiO 2
dye-sensitised solar cell. Ceram Int 39(2):1519–1523
34. Kim H, Hwang YH, Cho G et al (2011) Partially dyed-TiO 2 dispersions for adaptation to the
continuous fabrication of photoanodes. Electrochim Acta 56(25):9476–9481
References
167
microspheres with hierarchical structures. Mater Res Bull 46(3):372–377
14. Wang Y, Zhang L, Deng K et al (2007) Low temperature synthesis and photocatalytic activity
of rutile TiO 2 nanorod superstructures. J Phys Chem C 111(6):2709–2714
15. Wei J, Yao J, Zhang X et al (2007) Hydrothermal growth of titania nanostructures with tunable
phase and shape. Mater Lett 61(23):4610–4613
16. Hu YH (2012) A highly efficient photocatalyst—hydrogenated black TiO 2 for the
photocatalytic splitting of water. Angew Chem Int Ed 51(50):12410–12412
17. Oh JK, Lee JK, Kim HS et al (2010) TiO 2 branched nanostructure electrodes synthesized by
seeding method for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Mater 22(3):1114–1118
18. Ye M, Liu HY, Lin C et al (2013) Hierarchical rutile TiO 2 flower cluster-based high efficiency
dye-sensitized solar cells via direct hydrothermal growth on conducting substrates. Small 9
(2):312–321
19. Si P, Ding S, Yuan J et al (2011) Hierarchically structured one-dimensional TiO 2 for protein
immobilization, direct electrochemistry, and mediator-free glucose sensing. ACS Nano 5
(9):7617–7626
20. Etgar L, Gao P, Xue Z et al (2012) Mesoscopic CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /TiO 2 heterojunction solar cells.
J Am Chem Soc 134(42):17396–17399
21. Guo W, Xu C, Wang X et al (2012) Rectangular bunched rutile TiO 2 nanorod arrays grown on
carbon fiber for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Am Chem Soc 134(9):4437–4441
22. Wang YQ, Gu L, Guo YG et al (2012) Rutile-TiO 2 nanocoating for a high-rate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12
anode of a lithium-ion battery. J Am Chem Soc 134(18):7874–7879
23. So S, Lee K, Schmuki P (2012) Ultrafast growth of highly ordered anodic TiO 2 nanotubes in
lactic acid electrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 134(28):11316–11318
24. Wang WN, An WJ, Ramalingam B et al (2012) Size and structure matter: enhanced CO 2
photoreduction efficiency by size-resolved ultrafine Pt nanoparticles on TiO 2 single crystals. J
Am Chem Soc 134(27):11276–11281
25. Leghari SAK, Sajjad S, Chen F et al (2011) WO 3 /TiO 2 composite with morphology change via
hydrothermal template-free route as an efficient visible light photocatalyst. Chem Eng J 166
(3):906–915
26. Chen F, Zou W, Qu W et al (2009) Photocatalytic performance of a visible light TiO 2
photocatalyst prepared by a surface chemical modification process. Catal Commun 10
(11):1510–1513
27. Xing M, Zhang J, Chen F (2009) New approaches to prepare nitrogen-doped TiO 2
photocatalysts and study on their photocatalytic activities in visible light. Appl Catal B
Environ 89(3):563–569
28. Kim TH, Gómez-Solís C, Moctezuma E et al (2014) Sonochemical synthesis of Fe–TiO 2 –SiC
composite for degradation of rhodamine B under solar simulator. Res Chem Intermed 40
(4):1595–1605
29. Zuo F, Wang L, Wu T et al (2010) Self-doped Ti
3+ enhanced photocatalyst for hydrogen
production under visible light. J Am Chem Soc 132(34):11856–11857
30. Kim YJ, Lee MH, Kim HJ et al (2009) Formation of highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
by hierarchical pore generation with nanoporous TiO 2 spheres. Adv Mater 21(36):3668–3673
31. Liu S, Li Q, Hou C et al (2013) Hierarchical nitrogen and cobalt co-doped TiO 2 prepared by an
interface-controlled self-aggregation process. J Alloys Compd 575:128–136
32. Cai M, Pan X, Liu W et al (2013) Multiple adsorption of tributyl phosphate molecule at the
dyed-TiO 2 /electrolyte interface to suppress the charge recombination in dye-sensitized solar
cell. J Mater Chem A 1(15):4885–4892
33. Liang MS, Khaw CC, Liu CC et al (2013) Synthesis and characterisation of thin-film TiO 2
dye-sensitised solar cell. Ceram Int 39(2):1519–1523
34. Kim H, Hwang YH, Cho G et al (2011) Partially dyed-TiO 2 dispersions for adaptation to the
continuous fabrication of photoanodes. Electrochim Acta 56(25):9476–9481
References
167