73
Table 3 (continued)
Compound
Class
Optimal deep
eutectic solvent
composition(s) Main observations References
Bovine serum
albumin
Protein (blood) C:GE
Transport through
porcine skin
Banerjee et al.
(2017)
Bovine serum
albumin
Protein (blood) CC:GL; CC:U
Preservation of
folding as
measured by
circular dichroism
SanchezFernandez et al.
(2017)
Bovine serum
albumin
Protein (blood) B:LA
Good solubility
Su and
Klibanov,
(2015)
Albumin
Protein (blood) F:G:S 1:1:1
Solubility 30 g/L
Choi et al.
(2011)
β-lactoglobulin
Protein (milk) Molecularly
imprinted
polymer
Extraction from
complex mixture
Fu et al. (2019)
Interferon α2
Protein
(cytokine)
CC:F
Better stability at
room temperature
compared with
phosphate-buffered
saline
Lee et al. (2018)
Lysozyme
Protein
(enzyme)
CC:GL; CC:U
Structural changes
compared with
buffer; reduced
antibacterial
activity
Esquembre et al.
(2013)
Lysozyme
Protein
(enzyme)
CC:U
Prevention of
aggregation and
better refolding
after denaturation
Niknaddaf et al.
(2018)
Lysozyme
Protein
(enzyme)
Ionic liquids;
CC:carboxylic
acid
Rapid formation of
fibrils and
nanofibers
Silva et al.
(2018a, b)
Lysozyme
Protein
(enzyme)
CC:GL; CC:U
Preservation of
folding as
measured by
circular dichroism
SanchezFernandez et al.
(2017)
Lysozyme
Protein
(enzyme)
TEAC:EG;
CC:LA; CC:GL
Good solubility,
enzyme activity
retained, and
thermal stability
Su and
Klibanov,
(2015)
α-chymotrypsinogen Protein
(enzyme)
ZC:PD
Good solubility
Su and Klibanov
(2015)
Subtilisin
Protein
(enzyme)
CC:GL
Good solubility
Su and
Klibanov,
(2015)
(continued)
2 Deep Eutectic Solvents for Innovative Pharmaceutical Formulations