72
Table 3 Effect of deep eutectic solvents on macromolecules
Compound
Class
Optimal deep
eutectic solvent
composition(s) Main observations References
Curcurbit[n]urils
Cage
molecules
CC:U 1:2
Solubility
increased 3.9 to 10
times
Scherman and
McCune (2018)
and McCune
et al. (2017)
Cyclodextrins
Cage
molecules
CC:U 1:2
Solubility
increased 3.5 to 55
times (best result
for β-cyclodextrin)
Scherman and
McCune (2018)
and McCune
et al. (2017)
Cyclodextrins
Cage
molecules
CC:U 1:2
Solubility; ability
to include guest
molecules retained
Fourmentin
et al. (2018),
Moufawad et al.
(2019) and
Colombo
Dugoni et al.
(2019)
Salmon
deoxyribonucleic
acid
Nucleic acid
MA:P 1:1
Solubility higher
than in water
Choi et al.
(2011)
Deoxyribonucleic
acid
Nucleic acid
LA:G:W5:1:3
Solubility
increased by a
factor of 34
Dai et al. (2013)
Nucleic acids
Nucleic acid
CC:U and ionic
liquids
Stabilization of
triplexes and
quadruplexes
TateishiKarimata and
Sugimoto
(2014)
Deoxyribonucleic
acid
Nucleic acid
CC:GL 1:4
Self-assembly into
complex structures
Gállego et al.
(2015)
Starch
Polysaccharide CC:G 1:1
Solubility 17 g/L
(not soluble in
water)
Choi et al.
(2011)
Starch
Polysaccharide G:CC:W 2:5:5
Solubility 7.55 g/
mole solvent (not
soluble in water)
Dai et al. (2013)
Lignin
Polyphenol
from wood
CC:organic
acids
Good solubility
Haraźna et al.
(2019)
Gluten
Protein
(storage)
LA:G:W 5:1:3
Solubility
increased by a
factor of 88
Dai et al. (2013)
Zein
Plant protein
CC:GL 1:2
Plasticizing
properties
Qu et al. (2019)
Soy protein
Plant protein
CC:GL 1:2
Plasticizing
properties
Qu et al. (2019)
Gelatin
Structural
protein
CC:GL 1:2
Imipramine:GL
Plasticizing
properties; high
ductile strength
Qu et al. (2019)
(continued)
C.-H. Nguyen et al.