196
(betaine/urea deep eutectic solvent (1.4 g)/K 2 HPO 4 (0.75 g mL
−1
, 2.0 mL)/bovine
serum albumin (15 mg) and the separation time: 12 min).
Compared to polypropylene glycol-based aqueous biphasic system, the extraction efficiency of three hydrophobic dyes was enhanced with deep eutectic solvent.
It was found that the more hydrophobic the pigment is, the more it is extracted in the
deep eutectic solvent-rich phase (Zhang et al. 2018).
Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Flow Method Liquid-Liquid Extraction:
Stepwise Injection Analysis System
It is an automated extraction technique developed by Nugbienyo et al. (2017)
(Fig. 6.6). The authors reported the extraction of antiarrhythmic agent procainamide
from human saliva using choline chloride/glycerol at a 1:2 molar ratio. Acetonitrile,
which will extract the other components present in the human saliva, is added
because the deep eutectic solvent is water-miscible but insoluble in acetonitrile;
therefore, separation of the two phases occurs at room temperature.
Fig. 6.5 Deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based aqueous two-phase system extraction method. Two
aqueous phases are present in this technique: the DES-rich aqueous phase and the salt-rich aqueous
phase. When these phase components are mixed above a certain salt critical concentration, they are
separated into two unambiguous aqueous phases. It is then where the proteins present in the sample
are partitioned between these two phases with a higher affinity for the DES-rich aqueous phase.
(Figure reprinted with permission from Xu et al. 2015)
L. Nakhle et al.
(betaine/urea deep eutectic solvent (1.4 g)/K 2 HPO 4 (0.75 g mL
−1
, 2.0 mL)/bovine
serum albumin (15 mg) and the separation time: 12 min).
Compared to polypropylene glycol-based aqueous biphasic system, the extraction efficiency of three hydrophobic dyes was enhanced with deep eutectic solvent.
It was found that the more hydrophobic the pigment is, the more it is extracted in the
deep eutectic solvent-rich phase (Zhang et al. 2018).
Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Flow Method Liquid-Liquid Extraction:
Stepwise Injection Analysis System
It is an automated extraction technique developed by Nugbienyo et al. (2017)
(Fig. 6.6). The authors reported the extraction of antiarrhythmic agent procainamide
from human saliva using choline chloride/glycerol at a 1:2 molar ratio. Acetonitrile,
which will extract the other components present in the human saliva, is added
because the deep eutectic solvent is water-miscible but insoluble in acetonitrile;
therefore, separation of the two phases occurs at room temperature.
Fig. 6.5 Deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based aqueous two-phase system extraction method. Two
aqueous phases are present in this technique: the DES-rich aqueous phase and the salt-rich aqueous
phase. When these phase components are mixed above a certain salt critical concentration, they are
separated into two unambiguous aqueous phases. It is then where the proteins present in the sample
are partitioned between these two phases with a higher affinity for the DES-rich aqueous phase.
(Figure reprinted with permission from Xu et al. 2015)
L. Nakhle et al.