Alkylation of 1-Butene
C=C-C-C + C-C-C
|
C
|
C |
C
1-Butene Isobutane
C-C-C-C-C -C, C-C-C-C-C
2,3-DMH
(71.3 RON)
2,3,4-TMP
(102.7 RON)
|
C |
C |
C
ð2Þ
Alkylation of Isobutylene (i-Butene)
C=C-C +
C-C-C
C
Isobutylene Isobutane
C-C-C-C-C
|
C
2,2,4-TMP
(100 RON)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
ð3Þ
Alkylation of Propylene
C-C=C +
C-C-C
|
C
Propylene
Isobutane
C-C-C-C-C
2,3-DMP
(91.1 RON)
|
C
|
C
ð4Þ
Alkylation of Amylenes
C-C=C -C +
C-C-C
C
2-methyl-2-Butene Isobutane
C-C-C-C-C -C
|
C
2,2,4-TMH
(92 RON)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
ð5Þ
Complex Alkylation Reactions
The balance of the alkylate and small amounts of undesirable by-product conjunct
polymer is formed by more complex reactions of the ionic intermediates. Some of
these reactions are given by Eqs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. For brevity, only a few key steps
and no structures are shown.
Alkylation in Petroleum Processing
439