383
Index
Prototypical system (ProtaSystem),
189, 199–200, 367

conditions for integrating, 198

Proximate causality, 76, 82–83, 367

Q
Quality, 98–99, 293, 367, 339. See also

Systems integration
management

customer’s dissatisfaction, 295–296

expected loss, 344–350

generalized loss function, 297

loss distribution, 336, 337

loss values, 344

measures of, 292

of product or service, 293n

as step function, 295

using Taylor series expansion, 296

Quality loss function, 293, 294, 335.
See also Product upgradation;
Systems integration
management

assumptions for, 342

for broader applicability, 295

EMMI determination, 298

expected quality loss, 344–350

general, 299–300

generalization, 297

iterative process for, 344

loss minimization, 296–297

LTB, 335, 336, 341

notations used, 342–343

NTB, 339, 341

performance, 294

principle of Taguchi quality, 339–340

quality characteristics, 295, 297

to quantify benefits, 340

requirement, 294

shapes of, 344, 345

STB, 335, 336, 337, 340, 341

symmetric formulations, 296

Taylor series expansion for, 296

types, 298–299, 340

values of quality loss, 344

R
RAM. See Random access
memory (RAM)
Random access memory (RAM), 178

Reasoning, 89

Recursive process, 367

agile-driven strategies, 303

causality issue, 302

integration as, 292

plan-driven strategy, 303

self-recursive process, 302

systems integration, 301–302, 313

thinking, 320–321

types, 302

Recursive thinking. See also
Iterative thinking

inductive reasoning, 14

in integration, 103, 104n

leadership and, 320

principle of induction
for, 118, 190

transition in thinking, 321

Recursiveness, 302

Reductionist theory, 219, 227n

Relational integration, 125–126

Relationship, 70n

Ribonucleic acid (RNA), 46

Risk, 143, 367. See also Loss

RNA. See Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Rules of dumb, 15

Rules of thumb, 15

S
Scalability, 62–63, 267, 319, 367

checklist, 268–269

as weakness indicator, 320

Scalable process models, 267–268

Scenarios, 123n, 367–368

Scheduling, 121

Scope, 40–42, 368

framework, 9

in problem analysis, 253

of work, 253

Second-order stakeholders, 262

Self-recursive process, 302

SEMP. See Systems engineering
management plan
(SEMP)

Services, 62–63

Simplicity, 13

Situation, 9