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89. Lee M, Cho BK, Zin WC (2011) Prog Polym Sci 36:603
90. Myongsoo L, Byoung-Ki C, Wang-Cheol Z (2001) Chem Rev 101:3869
91. Scherf U, Adamczyk S, Gutacker A, Koenen N (2009) Macromol Rapid Commun 30:1059
92. Pisula W, Menon A, Stepputat M, Lieberwirth I, Kolb U, Tracz A, Sirringhaus H, Pakula T,
Mu ¨llen K (2005) Adv Mater 17:684
93. Pisula W, Tomovic ´ Z, Stepputat M, Kolb U, Pakula T, Mu ¨llen K (2005) Chem Mater 17:2641
94. Beaujuge PM, Reynolds JR (2010) Chem Rev 110:268
95. Lecle `re P, Surin M, Jonkheijm P, Henze O, Schenning APHJ, Biscarini F, Grimsdale AC,
Feast WJ, Meijer EW, Mu ¨llen K, Bre ´das JL, Lazzaroni R (2004) Eur Polym J 40:885
96. Skotheim TA, Reynolds JR (eds) (2007) Conjugated polymers: theory, synthesis, properties,
and characterization. CRC and Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton
97. Skotheim TA, Elsenbaumer RL, Reynolds JR (eds) (1998) Handbook of conducting
polymers. Dekker, New York
98. Bre ´das JL, Silbey R (eds) (1991) Conjugated polymers. Kluwer, Dordrecht
99. Mu ¨llen K, Scherf U (eds) (2006) Organic light-emitting devices. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
100. Kohler A, dos Santos DA, Beljonne D, Shuai Z, Bredas JL, Holmes AB, Kraus A, Mu ¨llen K,
Friend RH (1998) Nature 392:903
101. Gourley KD, Lillya CD, Reynolds JR, Chien JCW (1984) Macromolecules 17:1025
102. Junkers T, Vandenbergh J, Adriaensens P, Lutsenb L, Vanderzande D (2012) Polym Chem
3:275
103. Schmidt-Mende L, Fechtenko ¨tter A, Mu ¨llen K, Moons E, Friend RH, MacKenzie JD (2001)
Science 293:1119
104. Schmaltz B, Weil T, Mu ¨llen K (2009) Adv Mater 21:1067
105. Sakamoto J, van Heijst J, Lukin O, Schlu ¨ter AD (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed 48:1030
106. Gin DL, Conticello VP, Grubbs RH (1992) Polym Mater Sci Eng 67:87
107. Gin DL, Conticello VP, Grubbs RH (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:10507
108. Gin DL, Conticello VP, Grubbs RH (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:10934
109. Burroughes JH, Bradley DDC, Brown AR, Marks RN, Mackay K, Friend RH, Burn PL,
Kraft A, Holmes AB (1990) Nature 347:539
110. Braun D, Heeger AJ (1991) Appl Phys Lett 58:1982
111. Grem G, Leditzky G, Ullrich B, Leising G (1992) Adv Mater 4:36
112. Trasch S, Niko A, Leising G, Scherf U (1996) Appl Phys Lett 68:1090
113. Rehahn M, Schlu ¨ter AD, Wegner G, Feast WJ (1989) Polymer 30:1060
114. Schlu ¨ter AD, Wegner G (1993) Acta Polymerica 59:44
115. Rehahn M, Schlu ¨ter AD, Wegner G (1990) Macromol Chem 191:1991
116. De Meijere A, Diederich F (eds) (2004) Metal-catalysed crosscoupling reaction. Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim
117. Miyaura N, Yamada K, Suzuki A (1979) Tetrahedron Lett 20(36):3437
118. Park KC, Dodd LR, Levon K, Kwei TK (1996) Macromolecules 29:7149
119. Wegner G (2003) Macromol Chem Phys 204:347
120. Scherf U (1999) J Mater Chem 9:1853
121. Leising G, Tasch S, Meghdadi F, Athouel L, Froyer G, Scherf U (1996) Synth Met 81:185
122. Scherf U, Mu ¨llen K (1992) Polymer 33:2443
123. Scherf U, Mu ¨llen K (1991) Macromol Chem Rapid Comm 12:489
124. Fukuda M, Sawada K, Yoshino K (1993) J. Polym. Sci. Polym Chem 31:2465
125. Jacob J, Sax S, Gaal M, List EJW, Grimsdale AC, Mu ¨llen K (2005) Macromolecules 38:9933
126. Jacob J, Sax S, Piok T, List EJW, Grimsdale AC, Mu ¨llen K (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:6987
127. Jacob J, Zhang J, Grimsdale AC, Mu ¨llen K (2003) Macromolecules 36:8240
128. Diez-Perez I, Hihath J, Hines T, Wang ZS, Zhou G, Mu ¨llen K, Tao NJ (2011)
Nat Nanotechnol 6:226
88
K. Mu ¨llen
88. Yokoyama A, Suzuki H, Kubota Y, Ohuchi K, Higashimura H, Yokozawa T (2007) J Am
Chem Soc 129:7236
89. Lee M, Cho BK, Zin WC (2011) Prog Polym Sci 36:603
90. Myongsoo L, Byoung-Ki C, Wang-Cheol Z (2001) Chem Rev 101:3869
91. Scherf U, Adamczyk S, Gutacker A, Koenen N (2009) Macromol Rapid Commun 30:1059
92. Pisula W, Menon A, Stepputat M, Lieberwirth I, Kolb U, Tracz A, Sirringhaus H, Pakula T,
Mu ¨llen K (2005) Adv Mater 17:684
93. Pisula W, Tomovic ´ Z, Stepputat M, Kolb U, Pakula T, Mu ¨llen K (2005) Chem Mater 17:2641
94. Beaujuge PM, Reynolds JR (2010) Chem Rev 110:268
95. Lecle `re P, Surin M, Jonkheijm P, Henze O, Schenning APHJ, Biscarini F, Grimsdale AC,
Feast WJ, Meijer EW, Mu ¨llen K, Bre ´das JL, Lazzaroni R (2004) Eur Polym J 40:885
96. Skotheim TA, Reynolds JR (eds) (2007) Conjugated polymers: theory, synthesis, properties,
and characterization. CRC and Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton
97. Skotheim TA, Elsenbaumer RL, Reynolds JR (eds) (1998) Handbook of conducting
polymers. Dekker, New York
98. Bre ´das JL, Silbey R (eds) (1991) Conjugated polymers. Kluwer, Dordrecht
99. Mu ¨llen K, Scherf U (eds) (2006) Organic light-emitting devices. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
100. Kohler A, dos Santos DA, Beljonne D, Shuai Z, Bredas JL, Holmes AB, Kraus A, Mu ¨llen K,
Friend RH (1998) Nature 392:903
101. Gourley KD, Lillya CD, Reynolds JR, Chien JCW (1984) Macromolecules 17:1025
102. Junkers T, Vandenbergh J, Adriaensens P, Lutsenb L, Vanderzande D (2012) Polym Chem
3:275
103. Schmidt-Mende L, Fechtenko ¨tter A, Mu ¨llen K, Moons E, Friend RH, MacKenzie JD (2001)
Science 293:1119
104. Schmaltz B, Weil T, Mu ¨llen K (2009) Adv Mater 21:1067
105. Sakamoto J, van Heijst J, Lukin O, Schlu ¨ter AD (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed 48:1030
106. Gin DL, Conticello VP, Grubbs RH (1992) Polym Mater Sci Eng 67:87
107. Gin DL, Conticello VP, Grubbs RH (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:10507
108. Gin DL, Conticello VP, Grubbs RH (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:10934
109. Burroughes JH, Bradley DDC, Brown AR, Marks RN, Mackay K, Friend RH, Burn PL,
Kraft A, Holmes AB (1990) Nature 347:539
110. Braun D, Heeger AJ (1991) Appl Phys Lett 58:1982
111. Grem G, Leditzky G, Ullrich B, Leising G (1992) Adv Mater 4:36
112. Trasch S, Niko A, Leising G, Scherf U (1996) Appl Phys Lett 68:1090
113. Rehahn M, Schlu ¨ter AD, Wegner G, Feast WJ (1989) Polymer 30:1060
114. Schlu ¨ter AD, Wegner G (1993) Acta Polymerica 59:44
115. Rehahn M, Schlu ¨ter AD, Wegner G (1990) Macromol Chem 191:1991
116. De Meijere A, Diederich F (eds) (2004) Metal-catalysed crosscoupling reaction. Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim
117. Miyaura N, Yamada K, Suzuki A (1979) Tetrahedron Lett 20(36):3437
118. Park KC, Dodd LR, Levon K, Kwei TK (1996) Macromolecules 29:7149
119. Wegner G (2003) Macromol Chem Phys 204:347
120. Scherf U (1999) J Mater Chem 9:1853
121. Leising G, Tasch S, Meghdadi F, Athouel L, Froyer G, Scherf U (1996) Synth Met 81:185
122. Scherf U, Mu ¨llen K (1992) Polymer 33:2443
123. Scherf U, Mu ¨llen K (1991) Macromol Chem Rapid Comm 12:489
124. Fukuda M, Sawada K, Yoshino K (1993) J. Polym. Sci. Polym Chem 31:2465
125. Jacob J, Sax S, Gaal M, List EJW, Grimsdale AC, Mu ¨llen K (2005) Macromolecules 38:9933
126. Jacob J, Sax S, Piok T, List EJW, Grimsdale AC, Mu ¨llen K (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:6987
127. Jacob J, Zhang J, Grimsdale AC, Mu ¨llen K (2003) Macromolecules 36:8240
128. Diez-Perez I, Hihath J, Hines T, Wang ZS, Zhou G, Mu ¨llen K, Tao NJ (2011)
Nat Nanotechnol 6:226
88
K. Mu ¨llen