68. Mazor Z, Peleg M, Garg AK, Chaushu G (2000) The use of hydroxyapatite bone cement for
sinus floor augmentation with simultaneous implant placement in the atrophic maxilla.
A report of 10 cases. J Periodontol 71(7):1187–1194
69. Deb S, Braden M, Bonfield W (1995) Water absorption characteristics of modified hydroxyapatite bone cements. Biomaterials 16(14):1095–1100
70. Haberko K, Bucko M, Brzezinska-Miecznik B (2006) Natural hydroxyapatite – its behavior
during heat treatment. J Eur Ceram Soc 26:537–542
71. Gao Y, Cao WL, Wang XY (2006) Characterization and osteoblast-like cell compatibility of
porous scaffolds: bovine hydroxyapatite and novel hydroxyapatite artificial bone. J Mater Sci
Mater Med 17:815–823
72. Ruksudjarit A, Pengpat K, Rujijanagul G (2008) Synthesis and characterization of
nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite from natural bovine bone. Curr Appl Phys 8:270–272
73. Ono I, Tateshita T, Nakajima T (2000) Evaluation of a high density polyethylene fixing
system for hydroxyapatite ceramic implants. Biomaterials 21:143–151
74. Yamaguchi I, Tokuchi K, Fukuzaki H (2001) Preparation and microstructure analysis of
chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. J Biomed Mater Res 55:20–27
75. Bonfield W, Grynpas MD, Tully AE (1981) Hydroxyapatite reinforced polyethylene – a
mechanically compatible implant material for bone replacement. Biomaterials 2:185–186
76. Fan JP, Tsui CP, Tang CY (2004) Influence of interphase layer on the overall elastoplastic
behaviors of HA/PEEK biocomposite. Biomaterials 25:5363–5373
77. Liu X, Ma PX (2004) Polymeric scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Ann Biomed Eng
32:477–486
78. Yaszemski MJ (1996) The evolution of bone transplantation: molecular, cellular, and tissue
strategies to engineer human bone. Biomaterials 7:175–185
79. Crane GM, Ishaug SL, Mikos AG (1995) Bone tissue engineering. Nat Med 1:1322–1324
80. Chapekar MS (2000) Tissue engineering: challenges and opportunities. J Biomed Mater Res
53:617–620
81. Kenny SM, Buggy M (2003) Bone cements and fillers: a review. J Mater Sci Mater Med
14:923–938
82. Middleton JC, Tipton AJ (2000) Synthetic biodegradable polymers as orthopedic devices.
Biomaterials 21:2335–2346
83. Burg KJL, Porter S, Kellam JF (2000) Biomaterial developments for bone tissue engineering.
Biomaterials 21:2347–2359
84. Eschbach L (2000) Nonresorbable polymers in bone surgery. Injury 31:SD22–SD27
85. Mano JF, Sousa RA, Boesel LF (2004) Bioinert, biodegradable and injectable polymeric
matrix composites for hard tissue replacement: state of the art and recent developments.
Comp Sci Technol 64:789–817
86. Blazewicz S (2006) Non-metalic multifunctional composites in biomaterials engineering. In:
Nadolny AJ (ed) Biomaterials in regenerative medicine. Polish Academy of Sciences,
Warszawa
87. Lee HJ, Kim SE, Choi HW (2007) The effect of surface-modified nano-hydroxyapatite on
biocompatibility of poly(e-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. Eur Polym J
43:1602–1608
88. Dalby MJ, Silvio LD, Harper EJ (2002) Increasing hydroxyapatite incorporation into poly
(methylmethacrylate) cement increases osteoblast adhesion and response. Biomaterials
23:569–576
89. Vallo CI, Montemartini PE, Fanovich MA (1999) Polymethylmethacrylate-based bone
cement modified with hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 48:150–158
90. Lewis G (1997) Properties of acrylic bone cement: state of the art review. J Biomed Mater
Res 38(2):155–182
91. Harper EJ, Bonfield W (2000) Tensile characteristics of ten commercial, acrylic bone
cements. J Biomed Mater Res 53(5):605–616
164
A. Bhowmick et al.
sinus floor augmentation with simultaneous implant placement in the atrophic maxilla.
A report of 10 cases. J Periodontol 71(7):1187–1194
69. Deb S, Braden M, Bonfield W (1995) Water absorption characteristics of modified hydroxyapatite bone cements. Biomaterials 16(14):1095–1100
70. Haberko K, Bucko M, Brzezinska-Miecznik B (2006) Natural hydroxyapatite – its behavior
during heat treatment. J Eur Ceram Soc 26:537–542
71. Gao Y, Cao WL, Wang XY (2006) Characterization and osteoblast-like cell compatibility of
porous scaffolds: bovine hydroxyapatite and novel hydroxyapatite artificial bone. J Mater Sci
Mater Med 17:815–823
72. Ruksudjarit A, Pengpat K, Rujijanagul G (2008) Synthesis and characterization of
nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite from natural bovine bone. Curr Appl Phys 8:270–272
73. Ono I, Tateshita T, Nakajima T (2000) Evaluation of a high density polyethylene fixing
system for hydroxyapatite ceramic implants. Biomaterials 21:143–151
74. Yamaguchi I, Tokuchi K, Fukuzaki H (2001) Preparation and microstructure analysis of
chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. J Biomed Mater Res 55:20–27
75. Bonfield W, Grynpas MD, Tully AE (1981) Hydroxyapatite reinforced polyethylene – a
mechanically compatible implant material for bone replacement. Biomaterials 2:185–186
76. Fan JP, Tsui CP, Tang CY (2004) Influence of interphase layer on the overall elastoplastic
behaviors of HA/PEEK biocomposite. Biomaterials 25:5363–5373
77. Liu X, Ma PX (2004) Polymeric scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Ann Biomed Eng
32:477–486
78. Yaszemski MJ (1996) The evolution of bone transplantation: molecular, cellular, and tissue
strategies to engineer human bone. Biomaterials 7:175–185
79. Crane GM, Ishaug SL, Mikos AG (1995) Bone tissue engineering. Nat Med 1:1322–1324
80. Chapekar MS (2000) Tissue engineering: challenges and opportunities. J Biomed Mater Res
53:617–620
81. Kenny SM, Buggy M (2003) Bone cements and fillers: a review. J Mater Sci Mater Med
14:923–938
82. Middleton JC, Tipton AJ (2000) Synthetic biodegradable polymers as orthopedic devices.
Biomaterials 21:2335–2346
83. Burg KJL, Porter S, Kellam JF (2000) Biomaterial developments for bone tissue engineering.
Biomaterials 21:2347–2359
84. Eschbach L (2000) Nonresorbable polymers in bone surgery. Injury 31:SD22–SD27
85. Mano JF, Sousa RA, Boesel LF (2004) Bioinert, biodegradable and injectable polymeric
matrix composites for hard tissue replacement: state of the art and recent developments.
Comp Sci Technol 64:789–817
86. Blazewicz S (2006) Non-metalic multifunctional composites in biomaterials engineering. In:
Nadolny AJ (ed) Biomaterials in regenerative medicine. Polish Academy of Sciences,
Warszawa
87. Lee HJ, Kim SE, Choi HW (2007) The effect of surface-modified nano-hydroxyapatite on
biocompatibility of poly(e-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. Eur Polym J
43:1602–1608
88. Dalby MJ, Silvio LD, Harper EJ (2002) Increasing hydroxyapatite incorporation into poly
(methylmethacrylate) cement increases osteoblast adhesion and response. Biomaterials
23:569–576
89. Vallo CI, Montemartini PE, Fanovich MA (1999) Polymethylmethacrylate-based bone
cement modified with hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 48:150–158
90. Lewis G (1997) Properties of acrylic bone cement: state of the art review. J Biomed Mater
Res 38(2):155–182
91. Harper EJ, Bonfield W (2000) Tensile characteristics of ten commercial, acrylic bone
cements. J Biomed Mater Res 53(5):605–616
164
A. Bhowmick et al.