eventually turn off the process. This observation is important since many reports in
the literature on lactic acid production clearly indicate that the inhibition from
increasing concentrations of lactic acid is a major hurdle to overcome in development of an economically viable process [40].
Entrapment of spores were also used when Humicola lutea was immobilized in
PVA crosslinked via N,N
0 -methylenebisacrylamide with or without added PEG. It
Table 1 (continued)
Cell
Product
Comment
References
Chymotrypsin
Enantioselective
hydrolysis
In water-poor media
[25]
PEG-modified glucose
oxidase
Analysis of
glucose
Entrapment of PEG–enzyme
[26]
Lipase (porcine)
Enantioselective
hydrolysis
Enzyme covalently
immobilized in
PVA-cryogel
[27]
Lipase from Mucor sp.
Synthesis of esters,
etc.
Enzyme in PVA
[28]
Environmental applications
Rhodococcus sp
Petroleum
remediation
Using fluidized bed reactor. For
degradation of alkanes and
2–3-ringed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
[29]
Mixed culture
Wastewater
remediation
–
[ 30]
Rhodococcus sp.
Oxidation of
hydrocarbons
Immobilization via adsorption
on hydrophobized poly
(acrylamide) cryogel
[31]
Rhodococcus sp.
Soil contaminated
with crude oil
Improved survival rate with
cryogel-immobilized cells
[32]
Mixed culture
Diesel-contaminated soil
PVA-cryogel
[33]
Basic study
Atrazine in water PVA-cryogel
[34]
Analytical applications
Glucose analysis
Glucose oxidase
Enzyme immobilized in albumin/chitosan gel
[22]
Pseudomonas putida
Detection of
phenol
Clark electrode used for
detection
[35]
Pseudomonas sp.
Detection of
proline
Clark electrode
[36]
E. coli
Detection of
organophosphorus
neurotoxins
pH-glass electrode
[37]
Photobacterium fischeri
Toxicity
assessment
Phenol-containing water
[38]
250
B. Mattiasson
the literature on lactic acid production clearly indicate that the inhibition from
increasing concentrations of lactic acid is a major hurdle to overcome in development of an economically viable process [40].
Entrapment of spores were also used when Humicola lutea was immobilized in
PVA crosslinked via N,N
0 -methylenebisacrylamide with or without added PEG. It
Table 1 (continued)
Cell
Product
Comment
References
Chymotrypsin
Enantioselective
hydrolysis
In water-poor media
[25]
PEG-modified glucose
oxidase
Analysis of
glucose
Entrapment of PEG–enzyme
[26]
Lipase (porcine)
Enantioselective
hydrolysis
Enzyme covalently
immobilized in
PVA-cryogel
[27]
Lipase from Mucor sp.
Synthesis of esters,
etc.
Enzyme in PVA
[28]
Environmental applications
Rhodococcus sp
Petroleum
remediation
Using fluidized bed reactor. For
degradation of alkanes and
2–3-ringed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
[29]
Mixed culture
Wastewater
remediation
–
[ 30]
Rhodococcus sp.
Oxidation of
hydrocarbons
Immobilization via adsorption
on hydrophobized poly
(acrylamide) cryogel
[31]
Rhodococcus sp.
Soil contaminated
with crude oil
Improved survival rate with
cryogel-immobilized cells
[32]
Mixed culture
Diesel-contaminated soil
PVA-cryogel
[33]
Basic study
Atrazine in water PVA-cryogel
[34]
Analytical applications
Glucose analysis
Glucose oxidase
Enzyme immobilized in albumin/chitosan gel
[22]
Pseudomonas putida
Detection of
phenol
Clark electrode used for
detection
[35]
Pseudomonas sp.
Detection of
proline
Clark electrode
[36]
E. coli
Detection of
organophosphorus
neurotoxins
pH-glass electrode
[37]
Photobacterium fischeri
Toxicity
assessment
Phenol-containing water
[38]
250
B. Mattiasson