128. Nagaki A, Iwasaki T, Kawamura K et al (2008) Microflow system controlled carbocationic
polymerization of vinyl ethers. Chem Asian J 3:1558–1567
129. Dittmer T, Gruber F, Nuyken O (1989) Cationic polymerization of bis(1-alkylvinyl)benzenes
and related monomers – structure elucidation of 1,1,3-trimetnyl substituted polyindane.
Makromol Chem 190:1755–1770
130. Dittmer T, Gruber F, Nuyken O (1989) Cationic polymerization of bis(1-alkylvinyl)benzenes
and related monomers – controlled syntheses of 1,1,3-trimetnyl substitued polyindanes.
Makromol Chem 190:1771–1790
131. Iwasaki T, Yoshida J (2007) CF 3 SO 3 H initiated cationic polymerization of diisopropenylbenzenes in macrobatch and microflow systems. Macromol Rapid Commun 28:1219–1224
132. Szwarc M (1956) Living polymers. Nature 178:1168–1169
133. Hsieh HL, Quirk RP (1996) Anionic polymerization: principles and practical applications.
Dekker, New York
134. Jagur-grodzinski J (2002) Functional polymers by living anionic polymerization. J Polym Sci
A Polym Chem 40:2116–2133
135. Hong K, Uhrig D, Mays JW (1999) Living anionic polymerization. Curr Opin Solid State
Mater Sci 4:531
136. Hirao A, Loykulnant S, Ishizone T (2002) Recent advance in living anionic polymerization of
functionalized styrene derivatives. Prog Polym Sci 27:1399–1471
137. Hadjichristidis N, Pitsikalis M, Pispas S et al (2001) Polymers with complex architecture by
living anionic polymerization. Chem Rev 101:3747–3792
138. Frechet JMJ (1994) Functional polymers and dendrimers: reactivity, molecular architecture,
and interfacial energy. Science 263:1710–1715
139. Percec V (2001) Frontiers in polymer chemistry. Chem Rev 101(12):3579–3580
140. Jagur-Grodzinski J (2006) Living and controlled polymerization: synthesis, characterization,
and properties of the respective polymers and copolymers. NOVA, New York
141. Bhattacharyya DN, Lee CL, Smid J et al (1965) J Phys Chem 69:612
142. Figini RV, Hostalka H, Hurm K et al (1965) Z Phys Chem 45:269
143. Baskaran D, M€ uller AHE (1997) Kinetic investigation on metal free anionic polymerization
of methyl methacrylate using tetraphenylphosphonium as the counterion in tetrahydrofuran.
Macromolecules 30:1869–1874
144. Hofe T, Maurer A, M€ uller AHE (1998) GIT Labor Fahz 42:1127
145. Tonhauser C, Frey H (2010) A road less traveled to functional polymers: epoxide termination
in living carbanionic polymer synthesis. Macromol Rapid Commun 31:1938–1947
146. Nagaki A, Tomida Y, Yoshida J (2008) Microflow system controlled anionic polymerization
of styrenes. Macromolecules 41:6322–6330
147. Wurm F, Wilms D, Klos J et al (2008) Carbanions on trap – living anionic polymerization in a
microstructured reactor. Macromol Chem Phys 209:1106–1114
148. Yoshida J, Saito K, Nokami T et al (2011) Space integration of reactions: an approach to
increase capability of organic synthesis. Synlett 9:1189–1194
149. Suga S, Yamada D, Yoshida J (2010) Cationic three-component coupling involving an
optically active enamine derivative. From time integration to space integration of reactions.
Chem Lett 39:404–405
150. Nagaki A, Kenmoku A, Moriwaki Y et al (2010) Cross-coupling in a flow microreactor.
Space integration of lithiation and Murahashi coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed 49:7543–7547
151. Nagaki A, Uesugi Y, Tomida Y et al (2011) Homocoupling of aryl halides in flow: space
integration of lithiation and FeCl 3 promoted homocoupling. Beilstein J Org Chem
7:1064–1069
152. Nagaki A, Imai K, Kim H et al (2011) Flash synthesis of TAC-101 and its analogues from
1,3,5-tribromobenzene using integrated flow microreactor systems. RSC Adv 1:758–760
153. Nagaki A, Moriwaki Y, Haraki S et al (2012) Cross-coupling of aryllithiums with aryl and
vinyl halides in flow microreactors. Chem Asian J 7:1061–1068
Controlled Polymerization in Flow Microreactor Systems
45
polymerization of vinyl ethers. Chem Asian J 3:1558–1567
129. Dittmer T, Gruber F, Nuyken O (1989) Cationic polymerization of bis(1-alkylvinyl)benzenes
and related monomers – structure elucidation of 1,1,3-trimetnyl substituted polyindane.
Makromol Chem 190:1755–1770
130. Dittmer T, Gruber F, Nuyken O (1989) Cationic polymerization of bis(1-alkylvinyl)benzenes
and related monomers – controlled syntheses of 1,1,3-trimetnyl substitued polyindanes.
Makromol Chem 190:1771–1790
131. Iwasaki T, Yoshida J (2007) CF 3 SO 3 H initiated cationic polymerization of diisopropenylbenzenes in macrobatch and microflow systems. Macromol Rapid Commun 28:1219–1224
132. Szwarc M (1956) Living polymers. Nature 178:1168–1169
133. Hsieh HL, Quirk RP (1996) Anionic polymerization: principles and practical applications.
Dekker, New York
134. Jagur-grodzinski J (2002) Functional polymers by living anionic polymerization. J Polym Sci
A Polym Chem 40:2116–2133
135. Hong K, Uhrig D, Mays JW (1999) Living anionic polymerization. Curr Opin Solid State
Mater Sci 4:531
136. Hirao A, Loykulnant S, Ishizone T (2002) Recent advance in living anionic polymerization of
functionalized styrene derivatives. Prog Polym Sci 27:1399–1471
137. Hadjichristidis N, Pitsikalis M, Pispas S et al (2001) Polymers with complex architecture by
living anionic polymerization. Chem Rev 101:3747–3792
138. Frechet JMJ (1994) Functional polymers and dendrimers: reactivity, molecular architecture,
and interfacial energy. Science 263:1710–1715
139. Percec V (2001) Frontiers in polymer chemistry. Chem Rev 101(12):3579–3580
140. Jagur-Grodzinski J (2006) Living and controlled polymerization: synthesis, characterization,
and properties of the respective polymers and copolymers. NOVA, New York
141. Bhattacharyya DN, Lee CL, Smid J et al (1965) J Phys Chem 69:612
142. Figini RV, Hostalka H, Hurm K et al (1965) Z Phys Chem 45:269
143. Baskaran D, M€ uller AHE (1997) Kinetic investigation on metal free anionic polymerization
of methyl methacrylate using tetraphenylphosphonium as the counterion in tetrahydrofuran.
Macromolecules 30:1869–1874
144. Hofe T, Maurer A, M€ uller AHE (1998) GIT Labor Fahz 42:1127
145. Tonhauser C, Frey H (2010) A road less traveled to functional polymers: epoxide termination
in living carbanionic polymer synthesis. Macromol Rapid Commun 31:1938–1947
146. Nagaki A, Tomida Y, Yoshida J (2008) Microflow system controlled anionic polymerization
of styrenes. Macromolecules 41:6322–6330
147. Wurm F, Wilms D, Klos J et al (2008) Carbanions on trap – living anionic polymerization in a
microstructured reactor. Macromol Chem Phys 209:1106–1114
148. Yoshida J, Saito K, Nokami T et al (2011) Space integration of reactions: an approach to
increase capability of organic synthesis. Synlett 9:1189–1194
149. Suga S, Yamada D, Yoshida J (2010) Cationic three-component coupling involving an
optically active enamine derivative. From time integration to space integration of reactions.
Chem Lett 39:404–405
150. Nagaki A, Kenmoku A, Moriwaki Y et al (2010) Cross-coupling in a flow microreactor.
Space integration of lithiation and Murahashi coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed 49:7543–7547
151. Nagaki A, Uesugi Y, Tomida Y et al (2011) Homocoupling of aryl halides in flow: space
integration of lithiation and FeCl 3 promoted homocoupling. Beilstein J Org Chem
7:1064–1069
152. Nagaki A, Imai K, Kim H et al (2011) Flash synthesis of TAC-101 and its analogues from
1,3,5-tribromobenzene using integrated flow microreactor systems. RSC Adv 1:758–760
153. Nagaki A, Moriwaki Y, Haraki S et al (2012) Cross-coupling of aryllithiums with aryl and
vinyl halides in flow microreactors. Chem Asian J 7:1061–1068
Controlled Polymerization in Flow Microreactor Systems
45