Table 1 (continued)
Nanoparticles Plants
Size
NPs
concentration
Mode of
application
Growth
media
and
exposure
duration
Impacts on plants
References
CeO 2
Sorghum
bicolor
15 ± 5 nm 0 and 2 mg per
plant, Foliar
Leaves
60 days
Lower lipid peroxidation and
increased photosynthetic rates and
seed yield per plant (31%)
Djanaguiraman
et al. (2018)
CeO 2
Phaseolus
vulgaris
10–30 nm
0, 250, 500, 1000,
and
2000 mg L
−1 ,
Foliar
Leaves
30 days
NPs application induced membrane
damage
Salehi et al.
(2018)
CoFe 2 O 4
Lycopersicon
lycopersicum
17 nm
17 62.5, 125, 250,
and 500 mg l
−1
;
hydroponically
Seed and
root
15 days
Increased root and shoot length, no
effect on seed germination
López-Moreno
et al. (2016)
CuFe 2 O 4
Cucumis
sativus
30.7 nm
0.0, 0.04, 0.2, 1,
and 5 mg L
−1
Root
8 days
Increase in fresh weight, protein
content, superoxide dismutase, and
peroxidase activities
Abu-Elsaad and
Hameed (2019)
CuO
Oryza sativa
40 nm
100 mg L
−1 in
hydroponics
Seed
35 days
NPs transported from roots to leaves
through apoplastic pathway
Peng et al.
(2015)
CuO
Spinacia
oleracea
10–
100 nm
200 mg kg
−1 soil Root
60 days
Improved photosynthesis and biomass
production
Wang et al.
(2016)
CuO
Triticum
aestivum
<50 nm
3, 10, 30,
300 mg kg
−1
grown in sand
Root
7 days
Inhibition of root elongation;
exposure resulted in root hair
proliferation and shortening of the
zones of division and elongation
Adams et al.
(2017)
CuO
Oryza sativa
43 ± 9 nm 50, 100, 500, and
1000 mg kg
−1
soil
Root
7, 21, 60,
and
88 days
Physiological parameters and grain
yield adversely affected (500 and
1000 mg/kg)
Peng et al.
(2017)
CuO
Capsicum
annuum
20–
100 nm
0, 125, 250, and
500 mg kg
−1 soil
Root
90 days
Root Cu concentrations were elevated
(250 and 500 mg/kg); reduced
nutrient uptake to fruits and leaves
Rawat et al.
(2018)
Fe 2 O 3
Triticum
aestivum
20–30 nm
0, 100, 500, 1000,
5000, and
10,000 mg L
−1
Seed
8 days
Increased germination at lower
concentration, reduced seed
germination with increasing
treatments
Feizi et al.
(2013)
Fe 2 O 3
Cucumis melo 20 nm
0, 100, 200, and
400 mg L
−1 in
Hoagland
Root
4 weeks
Promote plant growth and increase
chlorophyll
Wang et al.
(2019)
Fe 3 O 4
Triticum
aestivum
6.8 nm
2000 mg l
−1
Seed
5 days
Reduce heavy metals uptake and
mitigate their toxicity
Konate et al.
(2017)
Fe 3 O 4
Brassica
juncea
80–
110 nm
500 mg L
−1
Root
4 days
Reduce As toxicity, sulfur-related
gene transcripts increased
Praveen et al.
(2018)
Fe 3 O 4
Cucumis melo 20 nm
0, 100, 200, and
400 mg L
−1 in
Hoagland
Root
4 weeks
Promote plant growth and increase
chlorophyll
Wang et al.
(2019)
FeS 2
Beta vulgaris
600–
700 nm
80–100 µg mL
−1
Seed
12–14 h
Increased germination and crop yield Das et al.
(2016)
MgO
Solanum
lycopersicum
20–
200 nm
7–10 µg mL
−1
Root
7 days
Controlled bacterial wilt disease
Imada et al.
(2016)
MgO
Citrus
maximus
50–
200 nm
0, 250, 500, or 1
000 mg L
−1
Seed
40 days
Reduction in chlorophyll content,
antioxidant enzymes activity, and root
activity
Xiao et al.
(2019)
MoO 3
Oryza sativa
21.34 nm
100 m L
−1
Root
15 days
Insignificant translocation from root
to shoot
Sharma et al.
(2020a)
(continued)
Impact of Engineered Nanoparticles on Microbial Communities, Soil …
205
Nanoparticles Plants
Size
NPs
concentration
Mode of
application
Growth
media
and
exposure
duration
Impacts on plants
References
CeO 2
Sorghum
bicolor
15 ± 5 nm 0 and 2 mg per
plant, Foliar
Leaves
60 days
Lower lipid peroxidation and
increased photosynthetic rates and
seed yield per plant (31%)
Djanaguiraman
et al. (2018)
CeO 2
Phaseolus
vulgaris
10–30 nm
0, 250, 500, 1000,
and
2000 mg L
−1 ,
Foliar
Leaves
30 days
NPs application induced membrane
damage
Salehi et al.
(2018)
CoFe 2 O 4
Lycopersicon
lycopersicum
17 nm
17 62.5, 125, 250,
and 500 mg l
−1
;
hydroponically
Seed and
root
15 days
Increased root and shoot length, no
effect on seed germination
López-Moreno
et al. (2016)
CuFe 2 O 4
Cucumis
sativus
30.7 nm
0.0, 0.04, 0.2, 1,
and 5 mg L
−1
Root
8 days
Increase in fresh weight, protein
content, superoxide dismutase, and
peroxidase activities
Abu-Elsaad and
Hameed (2019)
CuO
Oryza sativa
40 nm
100 mg L
−1 in
hydroponics
Seed
35 days
NPs transported from roots to leaves
through apoplastic pathway
Peng et al.
(2015)
CuO
Spinacia
oleracea
10–
100 nm
200 mg kg
−1 soil Root
60 days
Improved photosynthesis and biomass
production
Wang et al.
(2016)
CuO
Triticum
aestivum
<50 nm
3, 10, 30,
300 mg kg
−1
grown in sand
Root
7 days
Inhibition of root elongation;
exposure resulted in root hair
proliferation and shortening of the
zones of division and elongation
Adams et al.
(2017)
CuO
Oryza sativa
43 ± 9 nm 50, 100, 500, and
1000 mg kg
−1
soil
Root
7, 21, 60,
and
88 days
Physiological parameters and grain
yield adversely affected (500 and
1000 mg/kg)
Peng et al.
(2017)
CuO
Capsicum
annuum
20–
100 nm
0, 125, 250, and
500 mg kg
−1 soil
Root
90 days
Root Cu concentrations were elevated
(250 and 500 mg/kg); reduced
nutrient uptake to fruits and leaves
Rawat et al.
(2018)
Fe 2 O 3
Triticum
aestivum
20–30 nm
0, 100, 500, 1000,
5000, and
10,000 mg L
−1
Seed
8 days
Increased germination at lower
concentration, reduced seed
germination with increasing
treatments
Feizi et al.
(2013)
Fe 2 O 3
Cucumis melo 20 nm
0, 100, 200, and
400 mg L
−1 in
Hoagland
Root
4 weeks
Promote plant growth and increase
chlorophyll
Wang et al.
(2019)
Fe 3 O 4
Triticum
aestivum
6.8 nm
2000 mg l
−1
Seed
5 days
Reduce heavy metals uptake and
mitigate their toxicity
Konate et al.
(2017)
Fe 3 O 4
Brassica
juncea
80–
110 nm
500 mg L
−1
Root
4 days
Reduce As toxicity, sulfur-related
gene transcripts increased
Praveen et al.
(2018)
Fe 3 O 4
Cucumis melo 20 nm
0, 100, 200, and
400 mg L
−1 in
Hoagland
Root
4 weeks
Promote plant growth and increase
chlorophyll
Wang et al.
(2019)
FeS 2
Beta vulgaris
600–
700 nm
80–100 µg mL
−1
Seed
12–14 h
Increased germination and crop yield Das et al.
(2016)
MgO
Solanum
lycopersicum
20–
200 nm
7–10 µg mL
−1
Root
7 days
Controlled bacterial wilt disease
Imada et al.
(2016)
MgO
Citrus
maximus
50–
200 nm
0, 250, 500, or 1
000 mg L
−1
Seed
40 days
Reduction in chlorophyll content,
antioxidant enzymes activity, and root
activity
Xiao et al.
(2019)
MoO 3
Oryza sativa
21.34 nm
100 m L
−1
Root
15 days
Insignificant translocation from root
to shoot
Sharma et al.
(2020a)
(continued)
Impact of Engineered Nanoparticles on Microbial Communities, Soil …
205