Kim D-H, Moon Y-S, Park T-S, Son J-H (2015) Serotonins of safflower seeds play a key role in
anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Plant
Biotechnol 42(4):364–369
Kim E-O, Oh J-H, Lee S-K, Lee J-Y, Choi S-W (2007) Antioxidant properties and quangification of
phenolic compounds from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds. Food Sci Biotechnol 16
(1):71–77
Kim EO, Kim KS, Lee WJ, Choi SW (2009) Proliferative and differentiative effects of
trachelogenin isolated from germinated safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seeds on calvarial
bone cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 18(3):689–693
Kim H, Bae Y, Park R, Choi S, Cho S, Choi Y, Lee W (2002) Bone-protecting effect of safflower
seeds in ovariectomized rats. Calcif Tissue Int 71(1):88–94
Kim J-H, Jeon S-M, An M-Y, Ku S-K, Lee J-H, Choi M-S, Moon K-D (1998) Effects of diet of
Korean safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) seed powder on bone tissue in rats during the
recovery of rib fracture. J Kor Soc Food Sci Nutr 27:698–704
Kim K-W, Suh S-J, Lee T-K, Ha K-T, Kim J-K, Kim K-H, Kim D-I, Jeon JH, Moon T-C, Kim C-H
(2008) Effect of safflower seeds supplementation on stimulation of the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 115(1):42–49
Kim S, Cha J, Jeong S, Chung C, Choi Y, Cho Y (2000) Properties of the chemical composition of
safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) sprout. Korean J Life Sci 10:68–73
Koyama N, Kuribayashi K, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Furuhata Y, Suzuki K, Arisaka H, Nakano T,
Amino Y, Ishii K (2006) Serotonin derivatives, major safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed
antioxidants, inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Agric Food Chem 54(14):4970–4976
Koyama N, Suzuki K, Furukawa Y, Arisaka H, Seki T, Kuribayashi K, Ishii K, Sukegawa E,
Takahashi M (2008) Effects of safflower seed extract supplementation on oxidation and
cardiovascular risk markers in healthy human volunteers. Br J Nutr 101(4):568–575
Kumar SP, Kumari BR (2011) Factors affecting on somatic embryogenesis of safflower (Carthamus
tinctorius L) at morphological and biochemical levels. World J Agric Sci 7:197–205
Liyana-Pathirana CM, Shahidi F (2006) Importance of insoluble-bound phenolics to antioxidant
properties of wheat. J Agric Food Chem 54(4):1256–1264
Loo WT, Cheung MN, Chow LW (2004) The inhibitory effect of a herbal formula comprising
ginseng and carthamus tinctorius on breast cancer. Life Sci 76(2):191–200
Martinez N, Sosa M, Higa R, Fornes D, Capobianco E, Jawerbaum A (2012) Dietary treatments
enriched in olive and safflower oils regulate seric and placental matrix metalloproteinases in
maternal diabetes. Placenta 33(1):8–16
Maru R (2014) Safflower oil emulsion as dietary supplement and preparation thereof. Google
Patents,
Matthaus B, Özcan M, Al Juhaimi F (2015) Fatty acid composition and tocopherol profiles of
safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed oils. Nat Prod Res 29(2):193–196
Moilanen E, Vapaatalo H (1995) Nitric oxide in inflammation and immune response. Ann Med 27
(3):359–367
Moon K-D, Back S-S, Kim J-H, Jeon S-M, Lee M-K, Choi M-S (2001) Safflower seed extract
lowers plasma and hepatic lipids in rats fed high-cholesterol diet. Nutr Res 21(6):895–904
Mündel H-H, Centre LR (2004) Safflower production on the Canadian prairies: revisited in 2004.
Lethbridge Research Station, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alta
Nagaraj G (1995) Quality and utility of oilseeds. J Oilseeds Res 7:47–55
Neschen S, Moore I, Regittnig W, Yu CL, Wang Y, Pypaert M, Petersen KF, Shulman GI (2002)
Contrasting effects of fish oil and safflower oil on hepatic peroxisomal and tissue lipid content.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282(2):E395–E401
Nunes S, Samanta MD (2014) Evaluation of safflower oil on cellulitis and localized fat. J Am Acad
Dermatol 70(5):AB17
17 Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Seed
451
anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Plant
Biotechnol 42(4):364–369
Kim E-O, Oh J-H, Lee S-K, Lee J-Y, Choi S-W (2007) Antioxidant properties and quangification of
phenolic compounds from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds. Food Sci Biotechnol 16
(1):71–77
Kim EO, Kim KS, Lee WJ, Choi SW (2009) Proliferative and differentiative effects of
trachelogenin isolated from germinated safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seeds on calvarial
bone cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 18(3):689–693
Kim H, Bae Y, Park R, Choi S, Cho S, Choi Y, Lee W (2002) Bone-protecting effect of safflower
seeds in ovariectomized rats. Calcif Tissue Int 71(1):88–94
Kim J-H, Jeon S-M, An M-Y, Ku S-K, Lee J-H, Choi M-S, Moon K-D (1998) Effects of diet of
Korean safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) seed powder on bone tissue in rats during the
recovery of rib fracture. J Kor Soc Food Sci Nutr 27:698–704
Kim K-W, Suh S-J, Lee T-K, Ha K-T, Kim J-K, Kim K-H, Kim D-I, Jeon JH, Moon T-C, Kim C-H
(2008) Effect of safflower seeds supplementation on stimulation of the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 115(1):42–49
Kim S, Cha J, Jeong S, Chung C, Choi Y, Cho Y (2000) Properties of the chemical composition of
safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) sprout. Korean J Life Sci 10:68–73
Koyama N, Kuribayashi K, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Furuhata Y, Suzuki K, Arisaka H, Nakano T,
Amino Y, Ishii K (2006) Serotonin derivatives, major safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed
antioxidants, inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Agric Food Chem 54(14):4970–4976
Koyama N, Suzuki K, Furukawa Y, Arisaka H, Seki T, Kuribayashi K, Ishii K, Sukegawa E,
Takahashi M (2008) Effects of safflower seed extract supplementation on oxidation and
cardiovascular risk markers in healthy human volunteers. Br J Nutr 101(4):568–575
Kumar SP, Kumari BR (2011) Factors affecting on somatic embryogenesis of safflower (Carthamus
tinctorius L) at morphological and biochemical levels. World J Agric Sci 7:197–205
Liyana-Pathirana CM, Shahidi F (2006) Importance of insoluble-bound phenolics to antioxidant
properties of wheat. J Agric Food Chem 54(4):1256–1264
Loo WT, Cheung MN, Chow LW (2004) The inhibitory effect of a herbal formula comprising
ginseng and carthamus tinctorius on breast cancer. Life Sci 76(2):191–200
Martinez N, Sosa M, Higa R, Fornes D, Capobianco E, Jawerbaum A (2012) Dietary treatments
enriched in olive and safflower oils regulate seric and placental matrix metalloproteinases in
maternal diabetes. Placenta 33(1):8–16
Maru R (2014) Safflower oil emulsion as dietary supplement and preparation thereof. Google
Patents,
Matthaus B, Özcan M, Al Juhaimi F (2015) Fatty acid composition and tocopherol profiles of
safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed oils. Nat Prod Res 29(2):193–196
Moilanen E, Vapaatalo H (1995) Nitric oxide in inflammation and immune response. Ann Med 27
(3):359–367
Moon K-D, Back S-S, Kim J-H, Jeon S-M, Lee M-K, Choi M-S (2001) Safflower seed extract
lowers plasma and hepatic lipids in rats fed high-cholesterol diet. Nutr Res 21(6):895–904
Mündel H-H, Centre LR (2004) Safflower production on the Canadian prairies: revisited in 2004.
Lethbridge Research Station, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alta
Nagaraj G (1995) Quality and utility of oilseeds. J Oilseeds Res 7:47–55
Neschen S, Moore I, Regittnig W, Yu CL, Wang Y, Pypaert M, Petersen KF, Shulman GI (2002)
Contrasting effects of fish oil and safflower oil on hepatic peroxisomal and tissue lipid content.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282(2):E395–E401
Nunes S, Samanta MD (2014) Evaluation of safflower oil on cellulitis and localized fat. J Am Acad
Dermatol 70(5):AB17
17 Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Seed
451