serum metabolites in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fat Acids
150:7–15
Luthria DL, Sprecher H (1994) A comparison of the specific activities of linoleate and arachidonate
in liver, heart and kidney phospholipids after feeding rats ethyl linoleate-9,10,12,13-d4.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1213:1–4
Makrides M, Gibson RA, McPhee AJ, Collins CT, Davis PG, Doyle LW, Simmer K, Colditz PB,
Morris S, Smithers LG, Willson K (2009) Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants fed
high-dose docosahexaenoic acid: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301(2):175–182
Makrides M, Smithers LG, Gibson RA (2010) Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in
neurodevelopment and growth. In: Importance of growth for health and development, vol 65.
Karger Publishers, pp 123–136
Mhamdi B, Wannes WA, Bourgou S, Marzouk B (2009) Biochemical characterization of borage
(Borago officinalis L.) seeds. J Food Biochem 33(3):331–341
Miceli A, Aleo A, Corona O, Sardina MT, Mammina C, Settanni L (2014) Antibacterial activity of
Borago officinalis and Brassica juncea aqueous extracts evaluated in vitro and in situ using
different food model systems. Food Control 40:157–164
Miceli A, Francesca N, Moschetti G, Settanni L (2015) The influence of addition of Borago
officinalis with antibacterial activity on the sensory quality of fresh pasta. Int J Gastron Food
Sci 2(2):93–97
Mifsud S (2004) Borago officinalis (common Borage). http://www.maltawildplants.com/BORG/
Borago_officinalis.php. Accessed 16 October 2019
Mortensen A, Skibsted LH (1997) Real time detection of reactions between radicals of lycopene
and tocopherol homologues. Free Radic Res 27(2):229–234
Namal Senanayake SP, Shahidi F (2000) Lipid components of borage (Borago officinalis L.) seeds
and their changes during germination. J Am Oil Chem Soc 77(1):55–61
National Eczema Association (2019). https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/types-of-eczema/atopicdermatitis/. Accessed 10 October 2019
Navarette R, Tang W, Ziboh VA (1992) Dietary intake of concentrated gamma-linolenic acid
(GLA)-enriched oil suppresses cutaneous level of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA):
possible in vivo inhibition of microsomal elongation of GLA to DGLA. Prostaglandins Leukot
Essent Fatty Acids 46:139–144
Osakabe N, Takano H, Sanbongi C, Yasuda A, Yanagisawa R, Inoue KI, Yoshikawa T (2004) Antiinflammatory and anti-allergic effect of rosmarinic acid (RA); inhibition of seasonal allergic
rhinoconjunctivitis (SAR) and its mechanism. Biofactors 21(1–4):127–131
Osborne JL (1999) Borage. Bee World 80(1):33–36
Pawlosky R, Barnes A, Salem N Jr (1994) Essential fatty acid metabolism in the feline: relationship
between liver and brain production of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Lipid Res
35:2032–2040
Pereira C, Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira IC (2011) Nutritional composition and bioactive
properties of commonly consumed wild greens: potential sources for new trends in modern
diets. Food Res Int 44(9):2634–2640
Phinney SD, Tang AB, Thurmond DC, Nakamura MT, Stern JS (1993) Abnormal polyunsaturated
lipid metabolism in the obese Zucker rat, with partial metabolic correction by g-linolenic acid
administration. Metabolism 42:1127–1140
Pilerood SA, Prakash J (2014) Evaluation of nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of
Borage (Echium amoenum) and Valerian (Valerian officinalis). J Food Sci Technol 51
(5):845–854
Puch F, Samson-Villeger S, Guyonnet D, Blachon JL, Rawlings AV, Lassel T (2008) Consumption
of functional fermented milk containing borage oil, green tea and vitamin E enhances skin
barrier function. Exp Dermatol 17(8):668–674
Redden PR, Huang YS, Lin X, Horrobin DF (1995) Separation and quantification of the
triacylglycerols in evening primrose and borage oils by reversed-phase high-performance liquid
chromatography. J Chromatogr A 694(2):381–389
14 Borage (Borago officinalis) Seed
369
150:7–15
Luthria DL, Sprecher H (1994) A comparison of the specific activities of linoleate and arachidonate
in liver, heart and kidney phospholipids after feeding rats ethyl linoleate-9,10,12,13-d4.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1213:1–4
Makrides M, Gibson RA, McPhee AJ, Collins CT, Davis PG, Doyle LW, Simmer K, Colditz PB,
Morris S, Smithers LG, Willson K (2009) Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants fed
high-dose docosahexaenoic acid: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301(2):175–182
Makrides M, Smithers LG, Gibson RA (2010) Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in
neurodevelopment and growth. In: Importance of growth for health and development, vol 65.
Karger Publishers, pp 123–136
Mhamdi B, Wannes WA, Bourgou S, Marzouk B (2009) Biochemical characterization of borage
(Borago officinalis L.) seeds. J Food Biochem 33(3):331–341
Miceli A, Aleo A, Corona O, Sardina MT, Mammina C, Settanni L (2014) Antibacterial activity of
Borago officinalis and Brassica juncea aqueous extracts evaluated in vitro and in situ using
different food model systems. Food Control 40:157–164
Miceli A, Francesca N, Moschetti G, Settanni L (2015) The influence of addition of Borago
officinalis with antibacterial activity on the sensory quality of fresh pasta. Int J Gastron Food
Sci 2(2):93–97
Mifsud S (2004) Borago officinalis (common Borage). http://www.maltawildplants.com/BORG/
Borago_officinalis.php. Accessed 16 October 2019
Mortensen A, Skibsted LH (1997) Real time detection of reactions between radicals of lycopene
and tocopherol homologues. Free Radic Res 27(2):229–234
Namal Senanayake SP, Shahidi F (2000) Lipid components of borage (Borago officinalis L.) seeds
and their changes during germination. J Am Oil Chem Soc 77(1):55–61
National Eczema Association (2019). https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/types-of-eczema/atopicdermatitis/. Accessed 10 October 2019
Navarette R, Tang W, Ziboh VA (1992) Dietary intake of concentrated gamma-linolenic acid
(GLA)-enriched oil suppresses cutaneous level of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA):
possible in vivo inhibition of microsomal elongation of GLA to DGLA. Prostaglandins Leukot
Essent Fatty Acids 46:139–144
Osakabe N, Takano H, Sanbongi C, Yasuda A, Yanagisawa R, Inoue KI, Yoshikawa T (2004) Antiinflammatory and anti-allergic effect of rosmarinic acid (RA); inhibition of seasonal allergic
rhinoconjunctivitis (SAR) and its mechanism. Biofactors 21(1–4):127–131
Osborne JL (1999) Borage. Bee World 80(1):33–36
Pawlosky R, Barnes A, Salem N Jr (1994) Essential fatty acid metabolism in the feline: relationship
between liver and brain production of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Lipid Res
35:2032–2040
Pereira C, Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira IC (2011) Nutritional composition and bioactive
properties of commonly consumed wild greens: potential sources for new trends in modern
diets. Food Res Int 44(9):2634–2640
Phinney SD, Tang AB, Thurmond DC, Nakamura MT, Stern JS (1993) Abnormal polyunsaturated
lipid metabolism in the obese Zucker rat, with partial metabolic correction by g-linolenic acid
administration. Metabolism 42:1127–1140
Pilerood SA, Prakash J (2014) Evaluation of nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of
Borage (Echium amoenum) and Valerian (Valerian officinalis). J Food Sci Technol 51
(5):845–854
Puch F, Samson-Villeger S, Guyonnet D, Blachon JL, Rawlings AV, Lassel T (2008) Consumption
of functional fermented milk containing borage oil, green tea and vitamin E enhances skin
barrier function. Exp Dermatol 17(8):668–674
Redden PR, Huang YS, Lin X, Horrobin DF (1995) Separation and quantification of the
triacylglycerols in evening primrose and borage oils by reversed-phase high-performance liquid
chromatography. J Chromatogr A 694(2):381–389
14 Borage (Borago officinalis) Seed
369