110
3 The Challenges of Energy Supply
85.8
87.3
86.5
86.3
86.6
86.6
88.1
88.9
87.4
87.1
Fig. 3.39 Domestic distribution of LPG (percent of total LPG use) (Source Energy Statistics
Yearbook 2013)
1953–1954 (human population 379 million). Rather than decline, the consumption
11
showed an upward trend in 1999–2000 with 191.6 million tons of firewood, 59 million
tons of agricultural waste, and 105 million tons of animal dung (human population
1028 million). The NSS report 567 (68th round, 2011–2012)
12 showed that there was
a decline in rural solid biomass-based cooking between 1999–2000 and 2011–2012
by 8.2% while LPG uptake increased from 5.4 to 15%. The report also mentions that
only 1% rural and 6% urban population were using kerosene for cooking.
Ever since independence, the great rural–urban divide in use of cooking fuels
has widened. Unlike urban household, the rural ones do not have multiple choice
of cooking fuel compelling them to stockpile fuelwood, agriculture waste, and dung
cake as an insurance in case of volatility in LPG supply.
13 LPG in India is used
primarily in domestic supply and transport sector. The total consumption of LPG
has increased from about 12 million tons in 2007–2008 to about 21 million tons
in 2016–2017 but the proportion of domestic use (Fig. 3.39) has remained almost
constant.
Since LPG supply is largely dependent on imports, absence of assured market and
distorted supply chain will keep the consumer especially in rural areas depend on
biomass fuel for several years or till such time people have assured and affordable
substitute/s. The other non-biological source of fuel used by poor families both in
rural and urban India is kerosene. More than 90% of available kerosene is used for
domestic purpose and the total consumption of kerosene has declined from about 9
11 As reported in seventh plan document.
12 Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India. “Energy sources of
Indian households for cooking and lighting, NSS 68th round, July 2011–June 2012.” (2015).
13 As per India Statistics 2018 published by Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Statistics and
Program Implementation, Government of India, the domestic production of LPG and kerosene in
2015–2016 was 11.33 and 7.50 million tons, respectively.
3 The Challenges of Energy Supply
85.8
87.3
86.5
86.3
86.6
86.6
88.1
88.9
87.4
87.1
Fig. 3.39 Domestic distribution of LPG (percent of total LPG use) (Source Energy Statistics
Yearbook 2013)
1953–1954 (human population 379 million). Rather than decline, the consumption
11
showed an upward trend in 1999–2000 with 191.6 million tons of firewood, 59 million
tons of agricultural waste, and 105 million tons of animal dung (human population
1028 million). The NSS report 567 (68th round, 2011–2012)
12 showed that there was
a decline in rural solid biomass-based cooking between 1999–2000 and 2011–2012
by 8.2% while LPG uptake increased from 5.4 to 15%. The report also mentions that
only 1% rural and 6% urban population were using kerosene for cooking.
Ever since independence, the great rural–urban divide in use of cooking fuels
has widened. Unlike urban household, the rural ones do not have multiple choice
of cooking fuel compelling them to stockpile fuelwood, agriculture waste, and dung
cake as an insurance in case of volatility in LPG supply.
13 LPG in India is used
primarily in domestic supply and transport sector. The total consumption of LPG
has increased from about 12 million tons in 2007–2008 to about 21 million tons
in 2016–2017 but the proportion of domestic use (Fig. 3.39) has remained almost
constant.
Since LPG supply is largely dependent on imports, absence of assured market and
distorted supply chain will keep the consumer especially in rural areas depend on
biomass fuel for several years or till such time people have assured and affordable
substitute/s. The other non-biological source of fuel used by poor families both in
rural and urban India is kerosene. More than 90% of available kerosene is used for
domestic purpose and the total consumption of kerosene has declined from about 9
11 As reported in seventh plan document.
12 Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India. “Energy sources of
Indian households for cooking and lighting, NSS 68th round, July 2011–June 2012.” (2015).
13 As per India Statistics 2018 published by Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Statistics and
Program Implementation, Government of India, the domestic production of LPG and kerosene in
2015–2016 was 11.33 and 7.50 million tons, respectively.