10
R. Das
pollutants where challenges are given to design future research works. Freestanding nanoporous graphene-based membrane for water purification is outlined in
Chap. 3. Drawbacks and advantages of some state-of-the-art membrane technologies are given. Membrane testing methods, ideal membrane properties, as well as
prospects are drawn in this chapter. Before giving experimental working details,
the chapter authors focus on simulation studies that could help to fabricate an efficient nanoporous graphene membrane. Their mechanical stability and large-scale
membrane synthesis are underlined. A few characterization tools of nanoporous
graphene membranes are summarized. In the last part of this chapter, they show
whether such membrane is feasible for large-scale application and also mention some
research gaps to overcome any stagnancy in this research field. Chapter 4 mainly
focuses on recent advances in GO and/or rGO based 2D- and 3D-membrane technologies. At first, the preparation of GO and rGO is outlined. Next, the experimental
works on lamellar and 3D membranes, while the computational studies are discussed
in detail. Some graphene-based desalination membrane and graphdiyne films are
highlighted. The authors describe some research gaps and draw their perspectives to
design future research works. Chapter 5 demonstrates the uses of GO and rGO-based
composite membranes (i.e., reinforcing these materials into other polymeric and/or
NMs) for water purification. At the beginning of this chapter, the authors describe
the commonly used methods (e.g., solvent processing, in situ polymerization, melt
processing, etc.) in order to synthesize the composites. Then, they summarize some
membrane characterization methods for surface roughness, morphological study,
contact angle analysis, thermal stability investigation and mechanical property
evaluation. After that, the experimental evidence of these membranes for solutes
separation is given in detail. In the last part of the chapter, some research gaps are
given based on systematic literature studies. Reverse osmosis and electrodialysisbased nanoporous graphene membranes are reviewed in Chap. 6. It reveals some
unique fabrication methods of this membrane and discloses the separation mechanisms of solutes. Both the representative theoretical and experimental works in this
field are deeply analyzed. Although using porous graphene membranes in the field
of electrodialysis is less highlighted in the literature, this chapter compiles all the
essential information in one place. Chapter 7 beautifully presents h-BN based separation technologies, especially membrane and sorption. At first, the authors describe
all the possible routes for h-BN synthesis. Then, they demonstrate a computational
study that indicates the feasibility of such technology for efficient water purification.
Experimental evidence of h-BN based solute separation is discussed in detail. Lastly,
they compare the performances of h-BN with GO-based membranes which might be
benefitted for general readers. Research gaps are also given at the end of this chapter.
Chapter 8 is based on MoS 2 and WS 2 based separation methods. At the beginning of
the chapter, the authors discuss these 2D nanosheets synthesis methods. Next, they
show whether the free-standing TMDS is feasible for filtration technology. What is
more interesting about this chapter is to add a section on a comparative study among
TMDS and 1D/2D materials. Research gaps and the author’s perspectives are given
at the end of the chapter. The final Chap. 9 mainly covers three very recently used and
fascinating 2D materials, such as MOF, MXenes, and zeolite nanosheets in desalting
R. Das
pollutants where challenges are given to design future research works. Freestanding nanoporous graphene-based membrane for water purification is outlined in
Chap. 3. Drawbacks and advantages of some state-of-the-art membrane technologies are given. Membrane testing methods, ideal membrane properties, as well as
prospects are drawn in this chapter. Before giving experimental working details,
the chapter authors focus on simulation studies that could help to fabricate an efficient nanoporous graphene membrane. Their mechanical stability and large-scale
membrane synthesis are underlined. A few characterization tools of nanoporous
graphene membranes are summarized. In the last part of this chapter, they show
whether such membrane is feasible for large-scale application and also mention some
research gaps to overcome any stagnancy in this research field. Chapter 4 mainly
focuses on recent advances in GO and/or rGO based 2D- and 3D-membrane technologies. At first, the preparation of GO and rGO is outlined. Next, the experimental
works on lamellar and 3D membranes, while the computational studies are discussed
in detail. Some graphene-based desalination membrane and graphdiyne films are
highlighted. The authors describe some research gaps and draw their perspectives to
design future research works. Chapter 5 demonstrates the uses of GO and rGO-based
composite membranes (i.e., reinforcing these materials into other polymeric and/or
NMs) for water purification. At the beginning of this chapter, the authors describe
the commonly used methods (e.g., solvent processing, in situ polymerization, melt
processing, etc.) in order to synthesize the composites. Then, they summarize some
membrane characterization methods for surface roughness, morphological study,
contact angle analysis, thermal stability investigation and mechanical property
evaluation. After that, the experimental evidence of these membranes for solutes
separation is given in detail. In the last part of the chapter, some research gaps are
given based on systematic literature studies. Reverse osmosis and electrodialysisbased nanoporous graphene membranes are reviewed in Chap. 6. It reveals some
unique fabrication methods of this membrane and discloses the separation mechanisms of solutes. Both the representative theoretical and experimental works in this
field are deeply analyzed. Although using porous graphene membranes in the field
of electrodialysis is less highlighted in the literature, this chapter compiles all the
essential information in one place. Chapter 7 beautifully presents h-BN based separation technologies, especially membrane and sorption. At first, the authors describe
all the possible routes for h-BN synthesis. Then, they demonstrate a computational
study that indicates the feasibility of such technology for efficient water purification.
Experimental evidence of h-BN based solute separation is discussed in detail. Lastly,
they compare the performances of h-BN with GO-based membranes which might be
benefitted for general readers. Research gaps are also given at the end of this chapter.
Chapter 8 is based on MoS 2 and WS 2 based separation methods. At the beginning of
the chapter, the authors discuss these 2D nanosheets synthesis methods. Next, they
show whether the free-standing TMDS is feasible for filtration technology. What is
more interesting about this chapter is to add a section on a comparative study among
TMDS and 1D/2D materials. Research gaps and the author’s perspectives are given
at the end of the chapter. The final Chap. 9 mainly covers three very recently used and
fascinating 2D materials, such as MOF, MXenes, and zeolite nanosheets in desalting