5
Oxide Nanoparticles 94
R. Seshadri
Abstract 94
5.1
Introduction 94
5.2
Magnetite Particles in Nature 96
5.3
Routes for the Preparation of Isolated Oxide Nanoparticles 98
5.3.1
Hydrolysis 98
5.3.2
Oxidation 101
5.3.3
Thermolysis 102
5.3.4
Metathesis 103
5.3.5
Solvothermal Methods 105
5.3.5.1 Oxidation 105
5.3.5.2 Hydrolysis 105
5.3.5.3 Thermolysis 106
5.4
Prospects 108
Acknowledgments 110
References 110
6
Sonochemistry and Other Novel Methods Developed for the Synthesis of
Nanoparticles 113
Y. Mastai and A. Gedanken
Abstract 113
6.1
Sonochemistry 113
6.1.1
Sonochemical Fabrication of Nanometals 116
6.1.1.1 Sonochemical Synthesis of Powders of Metallic Nanoparticles 116
6.1.1.2 Sonochemical Synthesis of Metallic Colloids 118
6.1.1.3 Sonochemical Synthesis of Metallic Alloys 120
6.1.1.4 Sonochemical Deposition of Nanoparticles on Spherical and Flat
Surfaces 121
6.1.1.5 Sonochemical Synthesis of a Polymer-Metal Composite 124
6.1.1.6 Sonochemical Synthesis of Nanometals Encapsulated in a Carbon
Matrix 127
6.1.2
Sonochemical Fabrication of Nano-Metallic Oxides 129
6.1.2.1 Sonochemical Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxides from the
Corresponding Carbonyls 129
6.1.2.2 Sonochemical Synthesis of Ferrites from the Corresponding
Carbonyls 131
6.1.2.3 Sonochemical Preparation of Nanosized Rare-Earth Oxides 133
6.1.2.4 The Sonohydrolysis of Group 3A Compounds 134
6.1.2.5 The Sonochemical Synthesis of Nanostructured SnO 2 and SnO as their
Use as Electrode Materials 136
6.1.2.6 The Sonochemical Synthesis of Mesoporous Materials and the Insertion
of Nanoparticles into the Mesopores by Ultrasound Radiation 137
6.1.2.7 The Sonochemical Synthesis of Mixed Oxides 143
6.1.2.8 The Sonochemical Synthesis of Nanosized Hydroxides 143
Contents vii