Second law of thermodynamics, 41; see also Entropy,
state function
Second virial coefficient, defined, 207
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), 230–241,
407–411
adsorption isotherms
other useful, 240–241
simple, 235–239
example, 238–239
formation, 231–233
overview, 230–235
silanes on glass, 409–411, 409f–410f
thiols on gold, 407–409, 408f
Self-assembly
defined, 134
dodecane thiol monolayer, 306, 307f
intermolecular interactions and, see
Intermolecular interactions and
self-assembly
MDA, 306, 307f
molecular building blocks, 302
noncovalent interactions, 134
overview, 9–11
SEM, see Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Semiangle of collection, defined, 319
Semiconductors, 342, 343–344, 343f
organic, 346, 346f
Sensing waveguide, 286, 287
Separation of variables, defined, 113
SERS, see Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
(SERS)
Sessile drop
defined, 223
on superhydrophobic surface, 225
Setups
AFM, 315
ATR-FTIR system, 291–292
fluorometer, 196–197
HATR, 292
NSOM, 324, 325, 327, 329
QCM-D, 264–265
SPR, 282–284
surface tensiometry, 255, 256f
UV–vis spectrophotometer, 191
SFG, see Sum-frequency generation (SFG)
SHG, see Second-harmonic generation (SHG)
Silanes, on glass, 409–411, 409f–410f
Silica gel, 230
Silicon, 274
ion–ion interactions, 137
Silicon oxynitride, 289
Silver nanoparticles
applications, 2–3
defined, 2
TEM images, 3f
Single-entity supramolecular structure, 11, 12f
Sinusoidal wavefunction, 105
Size effects, thermodynamics and, 21–22
Slide projector, 321
Small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), 400–401, 425–426
Snell’s law, 278–279
Index 489