fluorescence and fluorescence quantum yield,
194–196
modern imaging ellipsometry, 308–309
NSOM, 324
QCM, 261–262
SPR, 280–282
TEM, 319–321
UV–visible spectroscopy, 188–191
Probabilities
from normalized wavefunctions, 108–109
zero probability (nodes), 115, 116f, 117, 117f
Probes, 421
NSOM, 324
Profilometer, 265–266
Profilometry, defined, 265
Propadiene, 299, 301f
Pseudo-first-order approximation, 69–70
Psi (y), optical parameters, nanofilm thickness
measurement, 273–274
P-type semiconductor, 343–344, 343f
Pyroelectric effect, 260
Pyroelectricity, defined, 259
Q
QCM, see Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)
QCM-D, see Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)
QDs, see Quantum dots (QDs)
Quantization
energy, 99–101
rotational motion, rigid rotator, 125–127
vibrational motion, harmonic oscillator, 122–125
Quantum dots (QDs), 96, 358–364, 358f
bioconjugation, 362–363, 363f
multifunctional probe, 362f
optical properties, 359–360, 360f
overview, 358
photodynamic therapy, 364, 364f
streptavidin-coated, 363–364
structure, 358–359, 358f
synthesis, 360–362
gas-phase synthesis of semiconductor
nanoparticles, 361
precipitative methods, 360–361
reactive methods in high-boiling-point
solvents, 361
in a structured medium, 362
in vivo imaging with, 362–364,
362f, 363f
Quantum effects, at nanoscale, 95–130
electrons in boxes, confinement of,
104–117
classical limit, approaching, 109–110
degeneracy, concept of, 113–117, 118f
freely moving electrons on nanowire,
111–112
Hamiltonian operator, 105, 107
line segment model, 108
normalization of wavefunction, 101,
106–109
one-dimensional model, 104–113
particle-on-a-line model, 110
Index 485
194–196
modern imaging ellipsometry, 308–309
NSOM, 324
QCM, 261–262
SPR, 280–282
TEM, 319–321
UV–visible spectroscopy, 188–191
Probabilities
from normalized wavefunctions, 108–109
zero probability (nodes), 115, 116f, 117, 117f
Probes, 421
NSOM, 324
Profilometer, 265–266
Profilometry, defined, 265
Propadiene, 299, 301f
Pseudo-first-order approximation, 69–70
Psi (y), optical parameters, nanofilm thickness
measurement, 273–274
P-type semiconductor, 343–344, 343f
Pyroelectric effect, 260
Pyroelectricity, defined, 259
Q
QCM, see Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)
QCM-D, see Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)
QDs, see Quantum dots (QDs)
Quantization
energy, 99–101
rotational motion, rigid rotator, 125–127
vibrational motion, harmonic oscillator, 122–125
Quantum dots (QDs), 96, 358–364, 358f
bioconjugation, 362–363, 363f
multifunctional probe, 362f
optical properties, 359–360, 360f
overview, 358
photodynamic therapy, 364, 364f
streptavidin-coated, 363–364
structure, 358–359, 358f
synthesis, 360–362
gas-phase synthesis of semiconductor
nanoparticles, 361
precipitative methods, 360–361
reactive methods in high-boiling-point
solvents, 361
in a structured medium, 362
in vivo imaging with, 362–364,
362f, 363f
Quantum effects, at nanoscale, 95–130
electrons in boxes, confinement of,
104–117
classical limit, approaching, 109–110
degeneracy, concept of, 113–117, 118f
freely moving electrons on nanowire,
111–112
Hamiltonian operator, 105, 107
line segment model, 108
normalization of wavefunction, 101,
106–109
one-dimensional model, 104–113
particle-on-a-line model, 110
Index 485