Nanoscale(s)
confinement, 117–121
overview, 117, 118
ring model, particle on, 119–121
sphere model, particle in, 121
dimension, 5–8
machines, 335–338, 336f, 338f
quantum effects at, see Quantum effects,
at nanoscale
silicon, 431
Nanoscience
defined, 1
dimensionality and its implications, 8–9
education, need for, 3–5
intermolecular interactions and self-assembly, see
Intermolecular interactions and selfassembly
kinetics and transport, see Kinetics and transport
nanoscale dimension, 5–8
scope, 1–3
self-assembly, 9–11
sources of information, 13–14
supramolecular science, 11–12
surface, see Surface nanoscience
surface characterization and imaging methods,
see Surface characterization and imaging
methods
thermodynamics, see Thermodynamics
Nanosphere, surface Gibbs energy of, 48
Nanosphere lithography, 416–417
Nanostructures
examples, 4f
imaging, 308–329
ellipsometry, 308–311
NSOM, 323–329
overview, 308
scanning probe methods, 311–317
TEM, 317–323
N/n ratios, 26t
Nanosystems
defined, 8
relative temperature fluctuation and, 22
Nanotechnology
defined, 1
overview, 1–2
Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to Next Big Idea,
14
Nanotechnology in Undergraduate
Education, 14
Nanotoxicity, defined, 6
Nanowires, 364–370, 365f
ballistic transporter, 368
electron transport in, 367–368, 368f
freely moving electrons on, 111–112
quantum effects on conductivity of, 366–367
structure, 364–365, 365f
synthesis, 369, 370f
Naphthalene, 176
National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST), 5
480 Index