examples, 67–68, 75, 80–81, 88–89, 91–92
modeling simple mechanisms, 79–81
overview, 63
reaction rates, theoretical models for, 74–79
catalysis, 77–79
collision theory, 75–77
temperature dependence of rate constant,
74–75
solution kinetics and diffusion control, 86–92
basic physics, 87–89
kinetics of diffusion control, 89–92
overview, 86–87
L
Labetalol, 83–84
Langevin model, 412
Langmuir adsorption isotherm, 235f, 236,
238–239, 240, 407
Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films, 383–388, 387f
Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) method, 303, 349, 399, 400f
Langmuir film, 384–386, 384f, 385f
G phase, 385
liquid-condensed phase (LC), 386
liquid-expanded phase (LE), 385–386
ordered solid (S) phase, 386
P–A isotherm, 385, 385f
Langmuir–Schaefer procedure, 399
Laser ablation, carbon nanotubes, 374
Laser lithography, 229
Layer-by-layer (LbL) technique, 392
LEDs, see Light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
Lennard-Jones potential, 152, 233–234
Light
matter and, 183–188
polarization axis of, 267
polarization of, 267
circularly polarized light, 269, 270f
elliptically polarized light, 269–270
linear, 267–268, 268f
plane-polarized light, 268–269, 269f
polarized, 266–270
scattering methods, 201–211
absorption and, 201–202
DLS, 207–211
example, 207
by nanoparticles, 204
particle size using scattered light, 204–207
Raman spectroscopy, 203–204
Rayleigh and Raman scattering, 202–203
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), 344–347, 345f–347f
Linearly polarized light, 267–268, 267–269, 268f, 271,
276, 277
Linear optical effects, 294–300
Line of nanoscale dimension, uncertainty within, 99
Line segment model, 108
Lipid microarrays, 420–428; see also DNA microarrays
Liquid-condensed phase (LC), Langmuir film, 386
Liquid-expanded phase (LE), Langmuir film, 385–386
Index 475