Indium nanowires, melting temperature, 28, 28f
Indium tin oxide (ITO), 376
Induced dipoles, interactions involving, 142–144
Information, on nanoscience, 13–14
Infrared (IR) radiation
absorption, 197–198, 200
ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, 280, 290–292
RAIRS, 292
Initial rates
defined, 64
method, 67–68
Instantaneous dipole moment, 148
Instantaneous rate, of chemical reactions, 64
Instrumentation
DPI, 289–290
NSOM, 324–329
SPR, 282–284
TEM, 321–323
Insulator, 342, 343f
Integrated rate laws, 71–73
Intensive variables, thermodynamic, 18
Interactions
intermolecular, self-assembly and, see Intermolecular
interactions and self-assembly
between light and matter, 183–188
Interfaces
air–water, 223, 246–247
defined, 217
liquid–liquid, 231
reflection phenomena at, 278–280
evanescent waves, 279–280
TIR, 278–279
Interfaces, reflection phenomena at, 278–280
evanescent waves, 279–280
total internal reflection, 278–279
Interference, constructive and destructive, 213
Interferometry
dual-polarized, see Dual-polarized interferometry
(DPI)
waveguide, effective refractive index and, 285–287,
286f
Intermolecular and Surface Forces, 156
Intermolecular distance, defined, 134
Intermolecular interactions and self-assembly,
133–177
Coulombic energy, 135–137
dielectric screening, 145–148
dipole–dipole interactions, 140–141, 303
dispersion forces, 148–149
electronic structure, simple models describing,
164–177
aggregation and, 175–176
conjugation in organic molecules, 170–173
examples, 165–166, 168–169
overview, 164
particle-in-a-box model, applications of, 164–170
π–π stacking interactions, 176–177
solvatochromism, 173–174
electrostatic forces between surfaces, 156–162
Debye length, 159–160
electrical double layer, 157–159
Index 473