Contact angles
Cassie–Baxter, 227
Wenzel, 226, 229
wetting phenomena and, 223–225
zero, 258
Contact printing, 421–423
Conventional ellipsometry, imaging using, 308
Converse piezoelectric effect, 260
defined, 260
use, 261
Cooperative adsorption, 235f, 236
Cooperativity of binding, 84–86
Coulombic energy
defined, 135–136
between ions, 136–137
Coulomb’s law, 354
Coupled plasmon waveguide resonance (CPWR)
spectroscopy, 284
Covalent bond radius, 150
CPWR spectroscopy, see Coupled plasmon waveguide
resonance (CPWR) spectroscopy
Critical angle, defined, 279
Critical micelle concentration (CMC)
aqueous surfactant solution, 244, 245f
cross-sectional area per molecule and, 246–250
defined, 244
of surfactant, 207
values of various surfactants, 244, 245t
Critical surface tension, defined, 224
Cross-polarized optical NSOM images, 328f
Cross-sectional area per molecule, CMC and,
246–250
Crystal growth, 228
Curie, Jacques, 260
Curie, Pierre, 260
Current changes, in STM, 313
Cyclodextrin, 397
D
Data
extracting ellipsometric, 309
formation, uses of, 46
De Broglie equation, 319, 320
De Broglie wavelength, of nanoparticle, 98
Debye (D), 138
Debye–Hückel equation, 159
Debye length, 159–160
Decanol, hydrophobic effect, 154
Degeneracy
defined, 42, 114
of energy levels, 113–117, 118f
Degrees of freedom, concept, 8
Del (Δ), optical parameters, nanofilm thickness
measurement, 273–274
Del/psi trajectory, 274
Density of states, 342–344, 342f–343f
Department of Defense (DOD), 5
Department of Energy (DOE), 5
Desorption, defined, 230
Destructive interference, 213
464 Index