Detection limits, of QCM, 262
DFG, see Difference-frequency generation (DFG)
Diamond, 292
Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), 242f
Dielectric constant
estimation, 145–146
experimental, 147
simple scaling factor, 148
Dielectric screening, 145–148
Difference-frequency generation (DFG), defined, 297
Diffraction, x-ray, 213–214
Diffraction limit, defined, 323
Diffuse electrical double layer, 157–159
Diffusion coefficient
defined, 87
displacement of nanoparticle and, 88–89
Diffusion-controlled reactions, 86–92
basic physics, 87–89
kinetics, 89–92
overview, 86–87
rate constant, 91–92
Diffusion-limited growth process, 228
Dimensionality, nanomaterials, 8–9
Dimer, formation, 10
1,2-Dimyristoylsn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC),
242f
Dipole(s)
defined, 138
dipole–dipole interactions, 140–141, 303
induced, interactions involving, 142–144
ion–dipole interactions, 137–140
moments, 137–139, 148
transition dipole moment, 185
Dip-pen nanolithography, 418–419
Direct piezoelectric effect, defined, 260
Discrete entity, defined, 10
Dispersion forces, 148–149
Dissipation (D), QCM-D, 263–265
defined, 263
overview, 263–264
setup, 264–265
DNA microarrays, 420
applications, 424
fabrication, 421–423, 422f
optimization, 423–424
spot morphology, 423
using, 420–421
Dodecane thiol (DDT), 306, 307f
Dodecanoic acid, 229
Dodecanol, 6, 7f, 232–233
Dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3- ammonio-1-proponatesulfonate (DDAPS), 242f
Doping, 343
Dots, quantum, 96
Double-beam spectrophotometer, 191
DPI, see Dual-polarized interferometry (DPI)
Drude model, 366
Dual-beam polarization interferometry, 259
Dual-polarized interferometry (DPI), 259, 284–290
application, 289–290
Index 465