Direct-write deposition, thermogels
AM .................................................................. 138, 139
bioink, preparation.................................................. 138
pluronic/alginate solution...................................... 139
printing process .............................................. 139, 140
Domain discretization....................................................... 6
Droplet-based (DBB) bioprinting ............................... 176
Drug toxicity ................................................................. 176
E
Electrospinning ............................................................. 125
See also Low-voltage electrospinning patterning (LEP)
Electrospun fibers ......................................................... 125
Extracellular matrix (ECM)
fibril component...................................................... 125
Extrusion-based (EBB) bioprinting............................. 176
F
Fabrication
processes .................................................................. 108
tissue strands................................................... 177, 178
Finite element discretization ............................................ 6
Functional clay-based bioink .......................................... 64
Functionally graded filament.......................................... 36
Functionally graded porosity.......................................... 32
Functionally graded scaffolds ......................................... 31
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) ...32, 77, 79, 81, 84,
86, 155, 159
G
G-code ......................................................... 33, 34, 36, 38
Gelatin fibers ........................................................ 131, 132
Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)................. 47–49, 52, 165
Glycidyl methacrylate-hyaluronic acid (GM-HA)
synthesis ....................................................... 164
H
Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) .............. 177–179
Heat-sensitive hydrogels ............................................... 138
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) .................... 64
Hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) ........... 47–49, 52
Hybrid technologies development............................... 101
Hydrogels .....................................................137–139, 141
2-Hydroxyethyl vinyl ether (HEVE) .......................56, 57
I
Immunofluorescence staining ............................. 169, 170
Integrated tissue-organ printer (ITOP) ...................... 150
L
Laponite.....................................................................63–69
Laser-based (LBB) bioprinting .................................... 176
Live cell imaging .................................127, 129, 130, 132
Low-voltage electrospinning patterning (LEP)
cell culture ...................................................... 130–132
components and configuration .............................. 126
DC voltage supplier ................................................ 128
EA.hy926 cells......................................................... 129
gelatin crosslinking reagents................................... 129
immunofluorescent staining ................................... 132
immunostaining ...................................................... 130
LabVIEW program ................................................. 128
live cell imaging.............................................. 130, 132
metallic tip ............................................................... 129
patterned fibers........................................................ 127
polymer solutions........................................... 126–128
procedures ...................................................... 130, 131
setup......................................................................... 126
software control ...................................................... 129
M
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).............................. 24
Melt electrospinning ..................................................... 159
Melt electrospinning writing (MEW)
cell types .................................................................. 113
G-code command description ....................... 116–118
materials
cell culture ......................................................... 115
visualization ....................................................... 115
methods
samples preparation for CLSM ................120–121
samples preparation for SEM ........................... 120
scaffolds fabrication...................................115–116
scaffolds preparation for cell culture ........118–119
seeding the scaffolds with cells.................119–120
primary human dermal fibroblasts ......................... 122
print path of the G-code......................................... 119
Melt extrusion of thermoplastics
bioextrusion.........................................................87, 90
DSC .....................................................................79, 80
FDM ............................................................. 81, 84, 86
geometry preparation ............................................... 81
rheometry ............................................................79, 80
scaffolds .................................... 75, 77, 78, 81, 94, 98
SEM analysis.............................................................. 90
TE ........................................................................75, 77
3DF......................................................................82, 89
3D printing................................................................ 77
Micro-CT data (μCT data)....................... 4, 6, 12, 15, 27
Microfabrication............................................................ 176
Microscale continuous optical bioprinting
(μCOB) ........................................................ 164
Minimal surface energy................................................... 20
Molding techniques ...................................................... 164
Multicomponent biomaterials ............150, 151, 156, 157
186
COMPUTER-AIDED TISSUE ENGINEERING: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
Index
AM .................................................................. 138, 139
bioink, preparation.................................................. 138
pluronic/alginate solution...................................... 139
printing process .............................................. 139, 140
Domain discretization....................................................... 6
Droplet-based (DBB) bioprinting ............................... 176
Drug toxicity ................................................................. 176
E
Electrospinning ............................................................. 125
See also Low-voltage electrospinning patterning (LEP)
Electrospun fibers ......................................................... 125
Extracellular matrix (ECM)
fibril component...................................................... 125
Extrusion-based (EBB) bioprinting............................. 176
F
Fabrication
processes .................................................................. 108
tissue strands................................................... 177, 178
Finite element discretization ............................................ 6
Functional clay-based bioink .......................................... 64
Functionally graded filament.......................................... 36
Functionally graded porosity.......................................... 32
Functionally graded scaffolds ......................................... 31
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) ...32, 77, 79, 81, 84,
86, 155, 159
G
G-code ......................................................... 33, 34, 36, 38
Gelatin fibers ........................................................ 131, 132
Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)................. 47–49, 52, 165
Glycidyl methacrylate-hyaluronic acid (GM-HA)
synthesis ....................................................... 164
H
Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) .............. 177–179
Heat-sensitive hydrogels ............................................... 138
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) .................... 64
Hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) ........... 47–49, 52
Hybrid technologies development............................... 101
Hydrogels .....................................................137–139, 141
2-Hydroxyethyl vinyl ether (HEVE) .......................56, 57
I
Immunofluorescence staining ............................. 169, 170
Integrated tissue-organ printer (ITOP) ...................... 150
L
Laponite.....................................................................63–69
Laser-based (LBB) bioprinting .................................... 176
Live cell imaging .................................127, 129, 130, 132
Low-voltage electrospinning patterning (LEP)
cell culture ...................................................... 130–132
components and configuration .............................. 126
DC voltage supplier ................................................ 128
EA.hy926 cells......................................................... 129
gelatin crosslinking reagents................................... 129
immunofluorescent staining ................................... 132
immunostaining ...................................................... 130
LabVIEW program ................................................. 128
live cell imaging.............................................. 130, 132
metallic tip ............................................................... 129
patterned fibers........................................................ 127
polymer solutions........................................... 126–128
procedures ...................................................... 130, 131
setup......................................................................... 126
software control ...................................................... 129
M
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).............................. 24
Melt electrospinning ..................................................... 159
Melt electrospinning writing (MEW)
cell types .................................................................. 113
G-code command description ....................... 116–118
materials
cell culture ......................................................... 115
visualization ....................................................... 115
methods
samples preparation for CLSM ................120–121
samples preparation for SEM ........................... 120
scaffolds fabrication...................................115–116
scaffolds preparation for cell culture ........118–119
seeding the scaffolds with cells.................119–120
primary human dermal fibroblasts ......................... 122
print path of the G-code......................................... 119
Melt extrusion of thermoplastics
bioextrusion.........................................................87, 90
DSC .....................................................................79, 80
FDM ............................................................. 81, 84, 86
geometry preparation ............................................... 81
rheometry ............................................................79, 80
scaffolds .................................... 75, 77, 78, 81, 94, 98
SEM analysis.............................................................. 90
TE ........................................................................75, 77
3DF......................................................................82, 89
3D printing................................................................ 77
Micro-CT data (μCT data)....................... 4, 6, 12, 15, 27
Microfabrication............................................................ 176
Microscale continuous optical bioprinting
(μCOB) ........................................................ 164
Minimal surface energy................................................... 20
Molding techniques ...................................................... 164
Multicomponent biomaterials ............150, 151, 156, 157
186
COMPUTER-AIDED TISSUE ENGINEERING: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
Index