19
classified as SIDS. Specific elements from the
framework can be modified and adapted to deal
with issues relating to vulnerability and building
the resilience of youth to adapt to the impact of
climate change in SIDS and will be used in the
development of the new framework.
A Conceptual Framework
for Developing Adaptation
Indicators
The purpose of this framework, developed by
Harley and Minnen (2010), is to monitor the
implementation and effectiveness of adaptation
policies, measures and actions. The framework
can also be used for the following purposes (a) to
justify, target & monitor funding for adaptation,
(b) mainstreaming of adaptation within and
between sectors, (c) communicate adaptation to
policy and decision-makers and other stakeholders, (d) compare adaptation achievements across
industries, regions and countries and (e) inform
international climate change negotiations.
The framework deals with two categories of
indicators. These are (a) process and outcomebased indicators which seek to monitor key stages
that lead to choices about endpoints or outcomes
and should inform and justify decisions, and (b)
the outcome-based indicators which aim to monitor specific parameters or results and should focus
on the long-term effects of decisions. The other
step in the framework is building the adaptive
capacity of the institutions or community, which
is concerned with process-based indicators.
The framework approached the development
of adaptation policy from two perspectives (a) a
top-down approach which is concerned with
global climate change projections and the
national impact analysis to assess the physical
vulnerability on the ground and (b) the bottomup approach which starts with building local sectoral adaptive capacity, to utilising participatory
evaluation adaptive options up to assessing social
vulnerability on the state. The Framework puts
forward a cyclical process for delivering adaptation action (Adaptive Management Indicators)
which includes the design of adaptive action, followed by the implementation, monitoring, evaluation, justification and conclusion in the
assessment of problems. The framework applies
to the overall development of regional strategies
including (a) improving the knowledge of climate change impacts, (b) identifying possible
sector and area-specific adaptation options (contextual), (c) increasing the adaptive capacity of
sectors and (d) coordinating & encouraging participation in the delivery of adaptive actions.
The framework presents a clear set of indicators to measure the performance of the adaptive
actions to be implemented on the ground.
Although the framework has relevance for working in CCA in SIDS, it was not specifically
designed to deal with the impact of climate
change on youth in small island communities.
Components of the framework that include topdown and bottom-up approaches will be incorporated into the design of the new framework.
In summary, the frameworks reviewed contain
key elements and limitations for the adaptation of
youth to build resilience to adapt to the impact of
climate change in SIDS. These frameworks provide useful approaches to addressing climate
change vulnerabilities, the design and implementation of climate change adaptive capacity strategies and initiatives. As CCA is a context-specific
issue, the adaptation of youth in small island communities to climate change requires a specific
framework to deal with its adaptation challenges
due to the complexities involved in understanding
youth development and its application to CCA
processes and approaches in SIDS. The key
strengths of the above frameworks would be used
to develop a new conceptual framework that
would apply to deal effectively with an adaptation
of youth to climate change in SIDS.
The New Climate Change
Adaptation Framework for Youth
in SIDS
Adaptation to climate change is an integral part
of the overall approach to achieving sustainable
development in SIDS (IPCC 2014a, b). However,
the literature on CCA to sustainable theories
regarding youth in small island communities is
insufficient, and to some extent, non-existent.
The New Climate Change Adaptation Framework for Youth in SIDS
classified as SIDS. Specific elements from the
framework can be modified and adapted to deal
with issues relating to vulnerability and building
the resilience of youth to adapt to the impact of
climate change in SIDS and will be used in the
development of the new framework.
A Conceptual Framework
for Developing Adaptation
Indicators
The purpose of this framework, developed by
Harley and Minnen (2010), is to monitor the
implementation and effectiveness of adaptation
policies, measures and actions. The framework
can also be used for the following purposes (a) to
justify, target & monitor funding for adaptation,
(b) mainstreaming of adaptation within and
between sectors, (c) communicate adaptation to
policy and decision-makers and other stakeholders, (d) compare adaptation achievements across
industries, regions and countries and (e) inform
international climate change negotiations.
The framework deals with two categories of
indicators. These are (a) process and outcomebased indicators which seek to monitor key stages
that lead to choices about endpoints or outcomes
and should inform and justify decisions, and (b)
the outcome-based indicators which aim to monitor specific parameters or results and should focus
on the long-term effects of decisions. The other
step in the framework is building the adaptive
capacity of the institutions or community, which
is concerned with process-based indicators.
The framework approached the development
of adaptation policy from two perspectives (a) a
top-down approach which is concerned with
global climate change projections and the
national impact analysis to assess the physical
vulnerability on the ground and (b) the bottomup approach which starts with building local sectoral adaptive capacity, to utilising participatory
evaluation adaptive options up to assessing social
vulnerability on the state. The Framework puts
forward a cyclical process for delivering adaptation action (Adaptive Management Indicators)
which includes the design of adaptive action, followed by the implementation, monitoring, evaluation, justification and conclusion in the
assessment of problems. The framework applies
to the overall development of regional strategies
including (a) improving the knowledge of climate change impacts, (b) identifying possible
sector and area-specific adaptation options (contextual), (c) increasing the adaptive capacity of
sectors and (d) coordinating & encouraging participation in the delivery of adaptive actions.
The framework presents a clear set of indicators to measure the performance of the adaptive
actions to be implemented on the ground.
Although the framework has relevance for working in CCA in SIDS, it was not specifically
designed to deal with the impact of climate
change on youth in small island communities.
Components of the framework that include topdown and bottom-up approaches will be incorporated into the design of the new framework.
In summary, the frameworks reviewed contain
key elements and limitations for the adaptation of
youth to build resilience to adapt to the impact of
climate change in SIDS. These frameworks provide useful approaches to addressing climate
change vulnerabilities, the design and implementation of climate change adaptive capacity strategies and initiatives. As CCA is a context-specific
issue, the adaptation of youth in small island communities to climate change requires a specific
framework to deal with its adaptation challenges
due to the complexities involved in understanding
youth development and its application to CCA
processes and approaches in SIDS. The key
strengths of the above frameworks would be used
to develop a new conceptual framework that
would apply to deal effectively with an adaptation
of youth to climate change in SIDS.
The New Climate Change
Adaptation Framework for Youth
in SIDS
Adaptation to climate change is an integral part
of the overall approach to achieving sustainable
development in SIDS (IPCC 2014a, b). However,
the literature on CCA to sustainable theories
regarding youth in small island communities is
insufficient, and to some extent, non-existent.
The New Climate Change Adaptation Framework for Youth in SIDS