18
issues in the research, ideas from the SLF framework will be used to develop a new conceptual
framework to deal with the adaptation of youth in
small island communities to deal with the impact
of climate change.
The ILO Conceptual Framework
ILO developed the framework for skills development in 2010. The framework is based on the
premise that countries that successfully link skills
development to gains in productivity, employment and development have targeted their training and development policy towards three
objectives. These include (a) matching support to
current demands for skills, (b) helping workers
and enterprises to adjust to changes and (c) building and sustaining competencies for the future
labour market. The ILO promotes the framework
as a holistic approach to skills development.
One of the key potentials of the framework is
that although it does not specifically focus on
how youth in SIDS can enhance their skills and
education to adapt to climate change and develop
sustainable livelihoods, it highlights the negative
impact of climate change on youth in the workplace in the future and views climate change as a
driver of technology and innovation for governments in search of new measures and policies to
adapt to climate change. Another key strength of
the framework is that it recognises the difficulties
concerned with fostering of institutional arrangements and cooperation among government
departments responsible for policy implementation and among employers, workers and training
institutions.
Although the framework focuses on the development of youth and the promotion of a viable
workforce with appropriated skills and training
for present and future, it does not specifically
present a model for dealing with the peculiarities
of youth development, education and skills training in SIDS; the model was created for developed
countries (members of G20). Another identified
weakness is that although vulnerability assessment is an important step prior to developing
CCA strategies (Jopp et al. 2010; Simpson et al.
2010; Calgaro et al. 2013; IPCC 2014a, b), the
framework does not provide clear methodology
nor process of how to undertake vulnerability
assessments and monitoring and evaluation
mechanisms of the performance of the framework in relation to its set goal. The differences in
the model have required the development of a
more effective model, which is context-specific
to SIDS. There are some useful elements in the
framework, which will be utilised to aid the
development of the new framework.
The ODI Conceptual Framework
This framework was produced from a study entitled ‘Youth Vulnerability and Adaptation:
Exploring the Impact of Macro-Level Shocks on
Youth: Climate Change’ implemented in
Ghana. The framework highlights the different transition pathways through which macrolevel shocks can travel via intermediary factors.
These pathways affect the lives of youth, thus
making them vulnerable to the impact of crises
and calamities. This is where the agencies, with
responsibility for youth development and the
mechanisms that are in place to enable youth to
cope with the stresses wielded by these vulnerabilities, are vital to the overall development of
young people. It is important to note that positive
coping strategies would assist youth in overcoming the numerous development challenges they
are encountering, whilst negative coping strategies would enable youth to experience further
vulnerabilities and risks.
The framework utilised a multi-faceted, peerto- peer methodological approach with a strong
emphasis on building the capacity and mentoring
of youth researchers. This approach was to
encourage open participation of the interviewer
in the research process (Pereznieto et al. 2011).
CCA is a context-specific phenomenon, and
therefore, the framework presented cannot be
applied directly to developing the adaptive capacity of youth in small island communities to adapt
to the impact of climate change. The framework
was implemented in developing countries such as
Ghana, Mozambique and Viet Nam which are not
2 Interrogation of the Literature on the Impact of Climate Change on Youth in SIDS,…
issues in the research, ideas from the SLF framework will be used to develop a new conceptual
framework to deal with the adaptation of youth in
small island communities to deal with the impact
of climate change.
The ILO Conceptual Framework
ILO developed the framework for skills development in 2010. The framework is based on the
premise that countries that successfully link skills
development to gains in productivity, employment and development have targeted their training and development policy towards three
objectives. These include (a) matching support to
current demands for skills, (b) helping workers
and enterprises to adjust to changes and (c) building and sustaining competencies for the future
labour market. The ILO promotes the framework
as a holistic approach to skills development.
One of the key potentials of the framework is
that although it does not specifically focus on
how youth in SIDS can enhance their skills and
education to adapt to climate change and develop
sustainable livelihoods, it highlights the negative
impact of climate change on youth in the workplace in the future and views climate change as a
driver of technology and innovation for governments in search of new measures and policies to
adapt to climate change. Another key strength of
the framework is that it recognises the difficulties
concerned with fostering of institutional arrangements and cooperation among government
departments responsible for policy implementation and among employers, workers and training
institutions.
Although the framework focuses on the development of youth and the promotion of a viable
workforce with appropriated skills and training
for present and future, it does not specifically
present a model for dealing with the peculiarities
of youth development, education and skills training in SIDS; the model was created for developed
countries (members of G20). Another identified
weakness is that although vulnerability assessment is an important step prior to developing
CCA strategies (Jopp et al. 2010; Simpson et al.
2010; Calgaro et al. 2013; IPCC 2014a, b), the
framework does not provide clear methodology
nor process of how to undertake vulnerability
assessments and monitoring and evaluation
mechanisms of the performance of the framework in relation to its set goal. The differences in
the model have required the development of a
more effective model, which is context-specific
to SIDS. There are some useful elements in the
framework, which will be utilised to aid the
development of the new framework.
The ODI Conceptual Framework
This framework was produced from a study entitled ‘Youth Vulnerability and Adaptation:
Exploring the Impact of Macro-Level Shocks on
Youth: Climate Change’ implemented in
Ghana. The framework highlights the different transition pathways through which macrolevel shocks can travel via intermediary factors.
These pathways affect the lives of youth, thus
making them vulnerable to the impact of crises
and calamities. This is where the agencies, with
responsibility for youth development and the
mechanisms that are in place to enable youth to
cope with the stresses wielded by these vulnerabilities, are vital to the overall development of
young people. It is important to note that positive
coping strategies would assist youth in overcoming the numerous development challenges they
are encountering, whilst negative coping strategies would enable youth to experience further
vulnerabilities and risks.
The framework utilised a multi-faceted, peerto- peer methodological approach with a strong
emphasis on building the capacity and mentoring
of youth researchers. This approach was to
encourage open participation of the interviewer
in the research process (Pereznieto et al. 2011).
CCA is a context-specific phenomenon, and
therefore, the framework presented cannot be
applied directly to developing the adaptive capacity of youth in small island communities to adapt
to the impact of climate change. The framework
was implemented in developing countries such as
Ghana, Mozambique and Viet Nam which are not
2 Interrogation of the Literature on the Impact of Climate Change on Youth in SIDS,…