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removing of solid and colloidal material. Degumming is used when extracting castor oil containing the dissolved and scattered protein compounds, and other compounds including gums, phospholipids, and solation metal material. In the process
of neutralization, the castor oil is undergoing the alkali treatment using caustic soda
solution to remove the excess free fatty acids. In the Deodorization nitrogen or
steam stripping operations to remove the volatile components found in the extracted
castor oil. Castor oil decolouring or bleaching is used to remove of colouring material [3, 6, 15].
Solvent extractor
Alkali refining
Drying
Deodorizing
Refined Oil
Waterization/Hydrogenetion
Bleaching
Filter
Pulpdried to flakes
Screw pressing
Cleaned dried castor oil seed
Dehulling or deshelling
Crush into pulp
Hulls or shells
Oil
Water refining
Solvent (Hexane)
Solvent removal
Solid Product
Meal
Fig. 2 The Modified procedure for the extraction and preparation of castor oil [3, 14, 15]
Castor Oil-Based Derivatives as a Raw Material for the Chemical Industry