106
19. Okabe M, Lies D, Kanamasa S, Park EY (2009) Biotechnological production of itaconic acid
and its biosynthesis in Aspergillus terreus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 84(4):597–606
20. Saha BC (2017) Emerging biotechnologies for production of itaconic acid and its applications as a platform chemical. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 44(2):303–315
21. Kuenz A, Krull S (2018) Biotechnological production of itaconic acid—things you have to
know. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102(9):3901–3914
22. De Carvalho JC, Magalhaes A, Soccol CR (2018) Biobased itaconic acid market and research
trends—is it really a promising chemical. Chim Oggi Chem Today 36:56–58
23. Kubicek CP, Punt P, Visser J (2011) In: Hofrichter M (ed) Industrial applications. Springer,
Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 215–234
24. O’Neill LAJ, Artyomov MN (2019) Itaconate: the poster child of metabolic reprogramming
in macrophage function. Nat Rev Immunol 19(5):273–281
25. Saha BC, Kennedy GJ (2019) Phosphate limitation alleviates the inhibitory effect of manganese on itaconic acid production by Aspergillus terreus. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 18:101016
26. Huang X, Chen M, Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Li J-J (2014) Direct production of itaconic acid
from liquefied corn starch by genetically engineered Aspergillus terreus. Microb Cell Fact
13:108–108
27. Olicón-Hernández DR, Araiza-Villanueva MG, Pardo JP, Aranda E, Guerra-Sánchez G
(2019) New insights of Ustilago maydis as yeast model for genetic and biotechnological
research: a review. Curr Microbiol 76(8):917–926
28. Geiser E, Przybilla SK, Friedrich A, Buckel W, Wierckx N, Blank LM, Bölker M (2016a)
Ustilago maydis produces itaconic acid via the unusual intermediate trans-aconitate. J
Microbial Biotechnol 9(1):116–126
29. Wierckx N, Agrimi G, Lübeck PS, Steiger MG, Mira NP, Punt PJ (2020) Metabolic specialization in itaconic acid production: a tale of two fungi. Curr Opin Biotechnol 62:153–159
30. Hosseinpour Tehrani H, Geiser E, Engel M, Hartmann SK, Hossain AH, Punt PJ, Blank LM,
Wierckx N (2019a) The interplay between transport and metabolism in fungal itaconic acid
production. Fungal Genet Biol 125:45–52
31. Guevarra ED, Tabuchi T (1990a) Accumulation of Itaconic, 2-Hydroxyparaconic, Itatartaric,
and malic acids by strains of the genus Ustilago. Agric Biol Chem 54(9):2353–2358
32. Klement T, Milker S, Jäger G, Grande PM, Domínguez de María P, Büchs J (2012) Biomass
pretreatment affects Ustilago maydis in producing itaconic acid. Microb Cell Fact 11(1):43
33. Maassen N, Panakova M, Wierckx N, Geiser E, Zimmermann M, Bölker M, Klinner U,
Blank LM (2014) Influence of carbon and nitrogen concentration on itaconic acid production
by the smut fungus Ustilago maydis. Eng Life Sci 14(2):129–134
34. Geiser E, Przybilla SK, Engel M, Kleineberg W, Büttner L, Sarikaya E, Hartog Td,
Klankermayer J, Leitner W, Bölker M, Blank LM, Wierckx N (2016b) Genetic and biochemical insights into the itaconate pathway of Ustilago maydis enable enhanced production.
Metab Eng 38:427–435
35. Hosseinpour Tehrani H, Becker J, Bator I, Saur K, Meyer S, Rodrigues Lóia AC, Blank LM,
Wierckx N (2019b) Integrated strain- and process design enable production of 220 g L−1
itaconic acid with Ustilago maydis. Biotechnol Biofuels 12(1):263
36. Geiser E, Wiebach V, Wierckx N, Blank LM (2014) Prospecting the biodiversity of the
fungal family Ustilaginaceae for the production of value-added chemicals. Fungal Biol
Biotechnol 1(1):2
37. Guevarra ED, Tabuchi T (1990b) Production of 2-Hydroxyparaconic and Itatartaric
acids by Ustilago cynodontis and simple recovery process of the acids. Agric Biol Chem
54(9):2359–2365
38. Hosseinpour Tehrani H, Tharmasothirajan A, Track E, Blank LM, Wierckx N (2019c)
Engineering the morphology and metabolism of pH tolerant Ustilago cynodontis for efficient
itaconic acid production. Metab Eng 54:293–300
K. Avasthi et al.
19. Okabe M, Lies D, Kanamasa S, Park EY (2009) Biotechnological production of itaconic acid
and its biosynthesis in Aspergillus terreus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 84(4):597–606
20. Saha BC (2017) Emerging biotechnologies for production of itaconic acid and its applications as a platform chemical. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 44(2):303–315
21. Kuenz A, Krull S (2018) Biotechnological production of itaconic acid—things you have to
know. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102(9):3901–3914
22. De Carvalho JC, Magalhaes A, Soccol CR (2018) Biobased itaconic acid market and research
trends—is it really a promising chemical. Chim Oggi Chem Today 36:56–58
23. Kubicek CP, Punt P, Visser J (2011) In: Hofrichter M (ed) Industrial applications. Springer,
Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 215–234
24. O’Neill LAJ, Artyomov MN (2019) Itaconate: the poster child of metabolic reprogramming
in macrophage function. Nat Rev Immunol 19(5):273–281
25. Saha BC, Kennedy GJ (2019) Phosphate limitation alleviates the inhibitory effect of manganese on itaconic acid production by Aspergillus terreus. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 18:101016
26. Huang X, Chen M, Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Li J-J (2014) Direct production of itaconic acid
from liquefied corn starch by genetically engineered Aspergillus terreus. Microb Cell Fact
13:108–108
27. Olicón-Hernández DR, Araiza-Villanueva MG, Pardo JP, Aranda E, Guerra-Sánchez G
(2019) New insights of Ustilago maydis as yeast model for genetic and biotechnological
research: a review. Curr Microbiol 76(8):917–926
28. Geiser E, Przybilla SK, Friedrich A, Buckel W, Wierckx N, Blank LM, Bölker M (2016a)
Ustilago maydis produces itaconic acid via the unusual intermediate trans-aconitate. J
Microbial Biotechnol 9(1):116–126
29. Wierckx N, Agrimi G, Lübeck PS, Steiger MG, Mira NP, Punt PJ (2020) Metabolic specialization in itaconic acid production: a tale of two fungi. Curr Opin Biotechnol 62:153–159
30. Hosseinpour Tehrani H, Geiser E, Engel M, Hartmann SK, Hossain AH, Punt PJ, Blank LM,
Wierckx N (2019a) The interplay between transport and metabolism in fungal itaconic acid
production. Fungal Genet Biol 125:45–52
31. Guevarra ED, Tabuchi T (1990a) Accumulation of Itaconic, 2-Hydroxyparaconic, Itatartaric,
and malic acids by strains of the genus Ustilago. Agric Biol Chem 54(9):2353–2358
32. Klement T, Milker S, Jäger G, Grande PM, Domínguez de María P, Büchs J (2012) Biomass
pretreatment affects Ustilago maydis in producing itaconic acid. Microb Cell Fact 11(1):43
33. Maassen N, Panakova M, Wierckx N, Geiser E, Zimmermann M, Bölker M, Klinner U,
Blank LM (2014) Influence of carbon and nitrogen concentration on itaconic acid production
by the smut fungus Ustilago maydis. Eng Life Sci 14(2):129–134
34. Geiser E, Przybilla SK, Engel M, Kleineberg W, Büttner L, Sarikaya E, Hartog Td,
Klankermayer J, Leitner W, Bölker M, Blank LM, Wierckx N (2016b) Genetic and biochemical insights into the itaconate pathway of Ustilago maydis enable enhanced production.
Metab Eng 38:427–435
35. Hosseinpour Tehrani H, Becker J, Bator I, Saur K, Meyer S, Rodrigues Lóia AC, Blank LM,
Wierckx N (2019b) Integrated strain- and process design enable production of 220 g L−1
itaconic acid with Ustilago maydis. Biotechnol Biofuels 12(1):263
36. Geiser E, Wiebach V, Wierckx N, Blank LM (2014) Prospecting the biodiversity of the
fungal family Ustilaginaceae for the production of value-added chemicals. Fungal Biol
Biotechnol 1(1):2
37. Guevarra ED, Tabuchi T (1990b) Production of 2-Hydroxyparaconic and Itatartaric
acids by Ustilago cynodontis and simple recovery process of the acids. Agric Biol Chem
54(9):2359–2365
38. Hosseinpour Tehrani H, Tharmasothirajan A, Track E, Blank LM, Wierckx N (2019c)
Engineering the morphology and metabolism of pH tolerant Ustilago cynodontis for efficient
itaconic acid production. Metab Eng 54:293–300
K. Avasthi et al.