number of reactions that convert Syngas (H 2 +CO) into hydrocarbons (C n H 2n+2 , with n typically in the range 1–20) and some
of their isomers and derivatives. Most valuable fractions in a
FT-process are gasoline (boiling point 80–120 °C) and diesel
(bp 150–400 °C).
Flared-gas
Residual process gases (usually formed by light hydrocarbons,
CO and hydrogen) which are burned at the exit of a chimney on
the industrial site where they are produced.
Footprint
The impact on the environment of human activities in terms of
pollution, damage to ecosystems, and the depletion of natural
resources.
Free energy
A thermodynamic property that expresses the amount of energy
released (uptaken) in a process that can be converted into useful
work.
G
Gibbs Energy
Is the “free-energy” of a process that occurs at constant pressure.
Global Capacity Represents the worldwide installed maximum production of a
good, chemical, energy, even if not completely used.
Global warming Heating of our Planet that deviates from historical series of
data.
Ground state
Fundamental energetic state of a system at its equilibrium
position.
H
Henry constant
A proportionality constant that relates the solubility (equilibrium concentration) of a non-reactive gas in a solvent to the
pressure of the gas on the liquid surface.
Heterocumulene A species that presents two double bonds on the same carbon
atom, that is not linked to two carbons as in the cumulene:
HN=C=O, H 2 C=C=O, O=C=O.
Hydrocarbons
Gaseous, liquid or solid compounds formed by C and H, of
general formula C n H 2n+2 . Methane is the first member of the
series.
I
IGCC
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, a new technology that couples C-gasification to Syngas by
reaction with H 2 O at high temperature, and a heat
Appendix I
253
of their isomers and derivatives. Most valuable fractions in a
FT-process are gasoline (boiling point 80–120 °C) and diesel
(bp 150–400 °C).
Flared-gas
Residual process gases (usually formed by light hydrocarbons,
CO and hydrogen) which are burned at the exit of a chimney on
the industrial site where they are produced.
Footprint
The impact on the environment of human activities in terms of
pollution, damage to ecosystems, and the depletion of natural
resources.
Free energy
A thermodynamic property that expresses the amount of energy
released (uptaken) in a process that can be converted into useful
work.
G
Gibbs Energy
Is the “free-energy” of a process that occurs at constant pressure.
Global Capacity Represents the worldwide installed maximum production of a
good, chemical, energy, even if not completely used.
Global warming Heating of our Planet that deviates from historical series of
data.
Ground state
Fundamental energetic state of a system at its equilibrium
position.
H
Henry constant
A proportionality constant that relates the solubility (equilibrium concentration) of a non-reactive gas in a solvent to the
pressure of the gas on the liquid surface.
Heterocumulene A species that presents two double bonds on the same carbon
atom, that is not linked to two carbons as in the cumulene:
HN=C=O, H 2 C=C=O, O=C=O.
Hydrocarbons
Gaseous, liquid or solid compounds formed by C and H, of
general formula C n H 2n+2 . Methane is the first member of the
series.
I
IGCC
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, a new technology that couples C-gasification to Syngas by
reaction with H 2 O at high temperature, and a heat
Appendix I
253