recovery and utilization for producing high temperature
and high-pressure water vapor for spinning a turbine
and making electric energy.
Initiator
A chemical substance (catalyst) that initiates a reaction
that is continued by other drivers.
Incineration bottom ash Ashes formed in the incineration of waste.
Insulator
A material that does not conduct electric current
(electric insulator), heat (thermal insulator), or sound
(acoustic insulator).
Ionic Bond
A bond formed by electron transfer from one atom to
another with formation of a positively charged species
(cation) and a negatively charged one (anion). More
electronegative elements will attract preferentially the
electrons and will bear the negative charge.
IPCC
International Panel on Climate Change formed by
experts designated by different Countries.
J
Joule One of the units of measure of energy. 4.18 J = 1 cal.
K
Kinetics Kinetics studies the rate of a reaction (chemical or biochemical) or of a
process in general. The rate is determined experimentally.
L
LCA
Life Cycle Assessment, a methodology that compares
processes through their impact on a number (usually 13) of
categories (see Appendix D).
LCA-E
LCA that includes the economic impact of processes.
LCA-S
LCA that includes the social impact of processes.
Lewis acid or base Lewis acids are those chemical species that have empty
orbitals of suitable energy to form a covalent bond using an
electron-pair of suited energy of a Lewis base.
Ligand
A molecule or charged species (atomic ion or molecular ion)
that binds to a metal center through a covalent or ionic bond.
Linear economy
An economic model that uses natural resources for making
goods that are disposed after use. Often goods are used only
once (single use). This trend causes the formation of large
254
Appendix I
and high-pressure water vapor for spinning a turbine
and making electric energy.
Initiator
A chemical substance (catalyst) that initiates a reaction
that is continued by other drivers.
Incineration bottom ash Ashes formed in the incineration of waste.
Insulator
A material that does not conduct electric current
(electric insulator), heat (thermal insulator), or sound
(acoustic insulator).
Ionic Bond
A bond formed by electron transfer from one atom to
another with formation of a positively charged species
(cation) and a negatively charged one (anion). More
electronegative elements will attract preferentially the
electrons and will bear the negative charge.
IPCC
International Panel on Climate Change formed by
experts designated by different Countries.
J
Joule One of the units of measure of energy. 4.18 J = 1 cal.
K
Kinetics Kinetics studies the rate of a reaction (chemical or biochemical) or of a
process in general. The rate is determined experimentally.
L
LCA
Life Cycle Assessment, a methodology that compares
processes through their impact on a number (usually 13) of
categories (see Appendix D).
LCA-E
LCA that includes the economic impact of processes.
LCA-S
LCA that includes the social impact of processes.
Lewis acid or base Lewis acids are those chemical species that have empty
orbitals of suitable energy to form a covalent bond using an
electron-pair of suited energy of a Lewis base.
Ligand
A molecule or charged species (atomic ion or molecular ion)
that binds to a metal center through a covalent or ionic bond.
Linear economy
An economic model that uses natural resources for making
goods that are disposed after use. Often goods are used only
once (single use). This trend causes the formation of large
254
Appendix I