40 Feasibility Study for Electric Vehicle Utilization as Grid …
613
Fig. 40.5 State of charge in case 3
40.4 Results and Discussion
Technical Analysis
40.4.1 Potential Energy Availability
Driving pattern has impacts to the amount of energy that potential to electricity
market. SoC is defined as the remaining capacity which could distributed overall
day. From original schedule based from survey, the sensitivity has been analyzed
from time changing. When EVs depart and arrive more earlier or later, it will change
the capacity left that potential to be sold to the power grid. Figure 40.6 shows the
amount of capacity and its change from original schedule.
From this results, the pecentage of changing fluctuated with different time variable. As shown in Table 40.3, case 1 most sensitive with time variable and case 5 less
impact from this variable. It because, case 5 is mostly parked in a weekday without
any schedule to travel. But in case 1, there is only one opportunity (night peak) to
sell battery left capacity and it depends on time arrival after work.
40.4.2 V2G as Peak Load Shaving
As peak shaving, EVs can cover the high ramp rate in the peak period via V2G,
and can be dispatched to supply electricity to the grid when the demand is high,
both during day and night. In addition, they can also absorb the electricity when the
613
Fig. 40.5 State of charge in case 3
40.4 Results and Discussion
Technical Analysis
40.4.1 Potential Energy Availability
Driving pattern has impacts to the amount of energy that potential to electricity
market. SoC is defined as the remaining capacity which could distributed overall
day. From original schedule based from survey, the sensitivity has been analyzed
from time changing. When EVs depart and arrive more earlier or later, it will change
the capacity left that potential to be sold to the power grid. Figure 40.6 shows the
amount of capacity and its change from original schedule.
From this results, the pecentage of changing fluctuated with different time variable. As shown in Table 40.3, case 1 most sensitive with time variable and case 5 less
impact from this variable. It because, case 5 is mostly parked in a weekday without
any schedule to travel. But in case 1, there is only one opportunity (night peak) to
sell battery left capacity and it depends on time arrival after work.
40.4.2 V2G as Peak Load Shaving
As peak shaving, EVs can cover the high ramp rate in the peak period via V2G,
and can be dispatched to supply electricity to the grid when the demand is high,
both during day and night. In addition, they can also absorb the electricity when the