1.1 Timetable and Key Achievements
5
(a)
(b)
Fig. 1.5 a I –V characteristic of SiC/steel wire light emitting diode. The dotted curve is the flipped curve for negative
voltage (3rd quadrant). b Recording of current modulated (at 500 Hz) LED on moving photographic plate. Adapted
from [65]
Fig. 1.6 First band
structure calculation from
Peierls (ξ = k a). Adapted
from [69]
1928
F. Bloch—quantum mechanics of electrons in a crystal lattice, ‘Bloch functions’ [61].
O.V. Losev—description of the light emitting diode
8 (SiC) [65]; light emission was observed in forward
direction and close to breakdown (Fig. 1.5a). Also current modulation of LED light output was reported
(Fig. 1.5b) [65].
1929
R. Peierls—explanation of positive (anomalous) Hall effect with unoccupied electron states [66, 67].
1930
R. Peierls—first calculation of a band structure and band gap
9 (Fig. 1.6) [69].
1931
W. Heisenberg—theory of hole (‘Löcher’) states [70].
R. de L. Kronig and W.G. Penney—properties of periodic potentials in solids [71].
8 The historic role of Losev regarding the invention of the LED and oscillators is discussed in [62–64].
9 Peierls performed this work at suggestion of W. Pauli at ETH Zürich. The mathematical problem of Schrödinger’s
equation with a sinusoidal potential had been already treated by M.J.O Strutt in 1928 [68]
5
(a)
(b)
Fig. 1.5 a I –V characteristic of SiC/steel wire light emitting diode. The dotted curve is the flipped curve for negative
voltage (3rd quadrant). b Recording of current modulated (at 500 Hz) LED on moving photographic plate. Adapted
from [65]
Fig. 1.6 First band
structure calculation from
Peierls (ξ = k a). Adapted
from [69]
1928
F. Bloch—quantum mechanics of electrons in a crystal lattice, ‘Bloch functions’ [61].
O.V. Losev—description of the light emitting diode
8 (SiC) [65]; light emission was observed in forward
direction and close to breakdown (Fig. 1.5a). Also current modulation of LED light output was reported
(Fig. 1.5b) [65].
1929
R. Peierls—explanation of positive (anomalous) Hall effect with unoccupied electron states [66, 67].
1930
R. Peierls—first calculation of a band structure and band gap
9 (Fig. 1.6) [69].
1931
W. Heisenberg—theory of hole (‘Löcher’) states [70].
R. de L. Kronig and W.G. Penney—properties of periodic potentials in solids [71].
8 The historic role of Losev regarding the invention of the LED and oscillators is discussed in [62–64].
9 Peierls performed this work at suggestion of W. Pauli at ETH Zürich. The mathematical problem of Schrödinger’s
equation with a sinusoidal potential had been already treated by M.J.O Strutt in 1928 [68]