(eds) Life in the frozen state. CRC Press, Boca
Raton, pp 603–641
20. Fahy GM (2019) Principles of vitrification as a
method of cryopreservation in reproductive
biology and medicine. In: Donnez J, Kim SS
(eds) Fertility preservation: principles & practice, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge
21. Fahy GM, Wowk B (2015) Principles of cryopreservation by vitrification. Methods Mol
Biol 1257:21–82
22. Fahy GM, Wowk B, Pagotan R, Chang A,
Phan J, Thomson B, Phan L (2009) Physical
and biological aspects of renal vitrification.
Organogenesis 5:167–175
23. Fahy GM, Wowk B, Wu J, Phan J, Rasch C,
Chang A, Zendejas E (2004) Cryopreservation of organs by vitrification: perspectives
and
recent
advances.
Cryobiology
48:157–178
24. Luyet BJ, Gehenio PM (1939) The physical
states of protoplasm at low temperatures.
Review and critical study, vol 2. Biodynamica,
Normandy, pp 1–128
25. Luyet BJ, Gehenio PM (1940) Life and death
at
low
temperatures.
Biodynamica,
Normandy
26. MacFarlane DR (1987) Aqueous solutions:
crystallization, vitrification, and liquefaction.
In: Pegg DE, Karow AM Jr (eds) The biophysics of organ cryopreservation. Plenum
Press, New York, pp 143–146
27. Franks F, Asquith MH, Hammond CC, Skaer
HB, Echlin P (1977) Polymer cryoprotectants in the preservation of biological
ultrastructure. I. Low temperature states of
aqueous solutions of hydrophilic polymers. J
Microscopy 110:223–228
28. Levine H, Slade L (1988) Thermomechanical
properties
of
small-carbohydrate-water
glasses and “rubbers”. J Chem Soc Faraday
Trans 1 84:2619–2633
29. Morris GJ, Goodrich M, Acton E, Fonseca F
(2006) The high viscosity encountered during freezing in glycerol solutions: effects on
cryopreservation. Cryobiology 52:323–334
30. Rasmussen DH, Luyet B (1972) Thermal
analysis of "partially dehydrated" heart tissue.
Biodynamica 11:149–155
31. Luyet B, Rasmussen DH (1973) On some
inconspicuous changes occurring in aqueous
systems subjected to below zero C temperatures. Biodynamica 11:209–215
32. Luyet B, Rasmussen D (1967) Study by differential thermal analysis of the temperatures
of instability in rapidly cooled solutions of
polyvinylpyrrolidone.
Biodynamica
10:137–147
33. Luyet B, Rasmussen D (1968) Study by differential thermal analysis of the temperatures
of instability of rapidly cooled solutions of
glycerol, ethylene glycol, sucrose, and glucose. Biodynamica 10:167–191
34. Rasmussen D, Luyet B (1969) Complementary study of some non-equilibrium phase
transitions in frozen solutions of glycerol, ethylene glycol, glucose, and sucrose. Biodynamica 10:319–331
35. Rasmussen D (1969) A note about "phase
diagrams" of frozen tissues. Biodynamica
10:333–339
36. Knight CA (1967) The freezing of Supercooled liquids. D. Van Nostrand, Princeton
37. MacFarlane DR, Forsyth M, Barton CA
(1991) Vitrification and devitrification in
cryopreservation.
In:
Advances
in
low-temperature biology, vol 1. Elsevier,
Amsterdam, pp 221–277
38. Mehl PM (1996) Crystallization and vitrification in aqueous glass-forming solutions. In:
Advances in low-temperature biology, vol
3. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 185–255
39. Mazur P (1966) Physical and chemical basis of
injury in single-celled micro-organisms subjected to freezing and thawing. In: Meryman
HT (ed) Cryobiology. Academic Press,
New York, pp 214–315
40. Luyet BJ, Sager D, Gehenio PM (1967) The
phenomenon of "premelting recrystallization". Biodynamica 10:123–132
41. Boutron P, Kaufmann A (1978) Stability of
the amorphous state in the system water-glycerol-dimethylsulfoxide.
Cryobiology
15:93–108
42. Boutron P (1986) Comparison with the theory of the kinetics and extent of ice crystallization and of the glass-forming tendency in
aqueous cryoprotective solutions. Cryobiology 23:88–102
43. Boutron P, Mehl P (1990) Theoretical prediction of devitrification tendency: determination of critical warming rates without using
finite expansions. Cryobiology 27:359–377
44. Meryman HT (1971) Cryoprotective agents.
Cryobiology 8:173–183
45. Karow AM Jr (1969) Cryoprotectants -- a
new class of drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol
21:209–223
46. Fuller BJ (2004) Cryoprotectants: the essential antifreezes to protect life in the frozen
state. Cryo-Letters 25:375–388
84
Gregory M. Fahy and Brian Wowk
Raton, pp 603–641
20. Fahy GM (2019) Principles of vitrification as a
method of cryopreservation in reproductive
biology and medicine. In: Donnez J, Kim SS
(eds) Fertility preservation: principles & practice, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge
21. Fahy GM, Wowk B (2015) Principles of cryopreservation by vitrification. Methods Mol
Biol 1257:21–82
22. Fahy GM, Wowk B, Pagotan R, Chang A,
Phan J, Thomson B, Phan L (2009) Physical
and biological aspects of renal vitrification.
Organogenesis 5:167–175
23. Fahy GM, Wowk B, Wu J, Phan J, Rasch C,
Chang A, Zendejas E (2004) Cryopreservation of organs by vitrification: perspectives
and
recent
advances.
Cryobiology
48:157–178
24. Luyet BJ, Gehenio PM (1939) The physical
states of protoplasm at low temperatures.
Review and critical study, vol 2. Biodynamica,
Normandy, pp 1–128
25. Luyet BJ, Gehenio PM (1940) Life and death
at
low
temperatures.
Biodynamica,
Normandy
26. MacFarlane DR (1987) Aqueous solutions:
crystallization, vitrification, and liquefaction.
In: Pegg DE, Karow AM Jr (eds) The biophysics of organ cryopreservation. Plenum
Press, New York, pp 143–146
27. Franks F, Asquith MH, Hammond CC, Skaer
HB, Echlin P (1977) Polymer cryoprotectants in the preservation of biological
ultrastructure. I. Low temperature states of
aqueous solutions of hydrophilic polymers. J
Microscopy 110:223–228
28. Levine H, Slade L (1988) Thermomechanical
properties
of
small-carbohydrate-water
glasses and “rubbers”. J Chem Soc Faraday
Trans 1 84:2619–2633
29. Morris GJ, Goodrich M, Acton E, Fonseca F
(2006) The high viscosity encountered during freezing in glycerol solutions: effects on
cryopreservation. Cryobiology 52:323–334
30. Rasmussen DH, Luyet B (1972) Thermal
analysis of "partially dehydrated" heart tissue.
Biodynamica 11:149–155
31. Luyet B, Rasmussen DH (1973) On some
inconspicuous changes occurring in aqueous
systems subjected to below zero C temperatures. Biodynamica 11:209–215
32. Luyet B, Rasmussen D (1967) Study by differential thermal analysis of the temperatures
of instability in rapidly cooled solutions of
polyvinylpyrrolidone.
Biodynamica
10:137–147
33. Luyet B, Rasmussen D (1968) Study by differential thermal analysis of the temperatures
of instability of rapidly cooled solutions of
glycerol, ethylene glycol, sucrose, and glucose. Biodynamica 10:167–191
34. Rasmussen D, Luyet B (1969) Complementary study of some non-equilibrium phase
transitions in frozen solutions of glycerol, ethylene glycol, glucose, and sucrose. Biodynamica 10:319–331
35. Rasmussen D (1969) A note about "phase
diagrams" of frozen tissues. Biodynamica
10:333–339
36. Knight CA (1967) The freezing of Supercooled liquids. D. Van Nostrand, Princeton
37. MacFarlane DR, Forsyth M, Barton CA
(1991) Vitrification and devitrification in
cryopreservation.
In:
Advances
in
low-temperature biology, vol 1. Elsevier,
Amsterdam, pp 221–277
38. Mehl PM (1996) Crystallization and vitrification in aqueous glass-forming solutions. In:
Advances in low-temperature biology, vol
3. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 185–255
39. Mazur P (1966) Physical and chemical basis of
injury in single-celled micro-organisms subjected to freezing and thawing. In: Meryman
HT (ed) Cryobiology. Academic Press,
New York, pp 214–315
40. Luyet BJ, Sager D, Gehenio PM (1967) The
phenomenon of "premelting recrystallization". Biodynamica 10:123–132
41. Boutron P, Kaufmann A (1978) Stability of
the amorphous state in the system water-glycerol-dimethylsulfoxide.
Cryobiology
15:93–108
42. Boutron P (1986) Comparison with the theory of the kinetics and extent of ice crystallization and of the glass-forming tendency in
aqueous cryoprotective solutions. Cryobiology 23:88–102
43. Boutron P, Mehl P (1990) Theoretical prediction of devitrification tendency: determination of critical warming rates without using
finite expansions. Cryobiology 27:359–377
44. Meryman HT (1971) Cryoprotective agents.
Cryobiology 8:173–183
45. Karow AM Jr (1969) Cryoprotectants -- a
new class of drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol
21:209–223
46. Fuller BJ (2004) Cryoprotectants: the essential antifreezes to protect life in the frozen
state. Cryo-Letters 25:375–388
84
Gregory M. Fahy and Brian Wowk