18. Guo B, Qu J, Zhao X, Zhang M (2019) Degradable conductive self-healing hydrogels based on
dextran-graft-tetraaniline and N-carboxyethyl chitosan as injectable carriers for myoblast cell
therapy and muscle regeneration. Acta Biomater 84:180–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.
2018.12.008
19. Qu J, Zhao X, Ma PX, Guo B (2017) pH-responsive self-healing injectable hydrogel based on
N-carboxyethyl chitosan for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Acta Biomater 58:168–180.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.001
20. Hsieh FY, Tao L, Wei Y, Hsu SH (2017) A novel biodegradable self-healing hydrogel to induce
blood capillary formation. NPG Asia Mater 9:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2017.23
21. Wang J, Wang D, Yan H, Tao L, Wei Y, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Sun X
(2017) An injectable ionic hydrogel inducing high temperature hyperthermia for microwave
tumor ablation. J Mater Chem B 5:4110–4120. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tb00556c
22. Hsieh FY, Han HW, Chen XR, Yang CS, Wei Y, Hsu SH (2018) Non-viral delivery of an
optogenetic tool into cells with self-healing hydrogel. Biomaterials 174:31–40. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.014
23. Cheng C, Zhang X, Meng Y, Zhang Z, Chen J, Zhang Q (2017) Multiresponsive and biocompatible self-healing hydrogel: its facile synthesis in water, characterization and properties. Soft
Matter 13:3003–3012. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7sm00350a
24. Liu J, Zhang X, Chen X, Qu L, Zhang L, Li W, Zhang A (2018) Stimuli-responsive dendronized
polymeric hydrogels through Schiff-base chemistry showing remarkable topological effects.
Polym Chem 9:378–387. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7py01865g
25. Bhattacharya S, Phatake RS, Nabha Barnea S, Zerby N, Zhu JJ, Shikler R, Lemcoff NG, Jelinek
R (2019) Fluorescent self-healing carbon dot/polymer gels. ACS Nano 13:1433–1442. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b07087
26. Li H, Liu F, Li Z, Wang S, Jin R, Liu C, Chen Y (2019) Fingerprintable hydrogel from dual
reversible cross-linking networks with different relaxation times. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
11:17925–17930. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b06754
27. Deng G, Tang C, Li F, Jiang H, Chen Y (2010) Covalent cross-linked polymer gels with
reversible sol – gel transition and self-healing properties. Macromolecules 43:1191–1194.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9022197
28. Wang P, Deng G, Zhou L, Li Z, Chen Y (2017) Ultrastretchable, self-healable hydrogels based
on dynamic covalent bonding and triblock copolymer micellization. ACS Macro Lett
6:881–886. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00519
29. Liu Y, Liu J, Yang H, Liu K, Miao R, Peng H, Fang Y (2018) Dynamic covalent bond-based
hydrogels with superior compressive strength, exceptional slice-resistance and self-healing
properties. Soft Matter 14:7950–7953. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8SM01742E
30. Sharma PK, Singh Y (2019) Glyoxylic hydrazone linkage-based PEG hydrogels for covalent
entrapment and controlled delivery of doxorubicin. Biomacromolecules 20:2174–2184. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00020
31. Guo Z, Ma W, Gu H, Feng Y, He Z, Chen Q, Mao X, Zhang J, Zheng L (2017) pH-switchable
and self-healable hydrogels based on ketone type acylhydrazone dynamic covalent bonds. Soft
Matter 13:7371–7380. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7sm00916j
32. An H, Xu K, Chang L, Wang Y, Qin J, Li W (2018) Thermo-responsive self-healable hydrogels
with extremely mild base degradability and bio-compatibility. Polymer 147:38–47. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.063
33. Shen J, Wang X, An H, Chang L, Wang Y, Li W, Qin J (2019) Cross-linking induced
thermoresponsive hydrogel with light emitting and self-healing property. J Polym Sci A
Polym Chem 57:869–877. https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.29337
34. Li Z, Zhou F, Li Z, Lin S, Chen L, Liu L, Chen Y (2018) Hydrogel cross-linked with dynamic
covalent bonding and micellization for promoting burn wound healing. ACS Appl Mater
Interfaces 10:25194–25202. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b08165
35. Sharma PK, Taneja S, Singh Y (2018) Hydrazone-linkage-based self-healing and injectable
xanthan-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels for controlled drug release and 3D cell culture. ACS
Appl Mater Interfaces 10:30936–30945. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b07310
Self-Healing Hydrogels Based on Reversible Covalent Linkages: A Survey of. . .
291
dextran-graft-tetraaniline and N-carboxyethyl chitosan as injectable carriers for myoblast cell
therapy and muscle regeneration. Acta Biomater 84:180–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.
2018.12.008
19. Qu J, Zhao X, Ma PX, Guo B (2017) pH-responsive self-healing injectable hydrogel based on
N-carboxyethyl chitosan for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Acta Biomater 58:168–180.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.001
20. Hsieh FY, Tao L, Wei Y, Hsu SH (2017) A novel biodegradable self-healing hydrogel to induce
blood capillary formation. NPG Asia Mater 9:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2017.23
21. Wang J, Wang D, Yan H, Tao L, Wei Y, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Sun X
(2017) An injectable ionic hydrogel inducing high temperature hyperthermia for microwave
tumor ablation. J Mater Chem B 5:4110–4120. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tb00556c
22. Hsieh FY, Han HW, Chen XR, Yang CS, Wei Y, Hsu SH (2018) Non-viral delivery of an
optogenetic tool into cells with self-healing hydrogel. Biomaterials 174:31–40. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.014
23. Cheng C, Zhang X, Meng Y, Zhang Z, Chen J, Zhang Q (2017) Multiresponsive and biocompatible self-healing hydrogel: its facile synthesis in water, characterization and properties. Soft
Matter 13:3003–3012. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7sm00350a
24. Liu J, Zhang X, Chen X, Qu L, Zhang L, Li W, Zhang A (2018) Stimuli-responsive dendronized
polymeric hydrogels through Schiff-base chemistry showing remarkable topological effects.
Polym Chem 9:378–387. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7py01865g
25. Bhattacharya S, Phatake RS, Nabha Barnea S, Zerby N, Zhu JJ, Shikler R, Lemcoff NG, Jelinek
R (2019) Fluorescent self-healing carbon dot/polymer gels. ACS Nano 13:1433–1442. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b07087
26. Li H, Liu F, Li Z, Wang S, Jin R, Liu C, Chen Y (2019) Fingerprintable hydrogel from dual
reversible cross-linking networks with different relaxation times. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
11:17925–17930. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b06754
27. Deng G, Tang C, Li F, Jiang H, Chen Y (2010) Covalent cross-linked polymer gels with
reversible sol – gel transition and self-healing properties. Macromolecules 43:1191–1194.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9022197
28. Wang P, Deng G, Zhou L, Li Z, Chen Y (2017) Ultrastretchable, self-healable hydrogels based
on dynamic covalent bonding and triblock copolymer micellization. ACS Macro Lett
6:881–886. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00519
29. Liu Y, Liu J, Yang H, Liu K, Miao R, Peng H, Fang Y (2018) Dynamic covalent bond-based
hydrogels with superior compressive strength, exceptional slice-resistance and self-healing
properties. Soft Matter 14:7950–7953. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8SM01742E
30. Sharma PK, Singh Y (2019) Glyoxylic hydrazone linkage-based PEG hydrogels for covalent
entrapment and controlled delivery of doxorubicin. Biomacromolecules 20:2174–2184. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00020
31. Guo Z, Ma W, Gu H, Feng Y, He Z, Chen Q, Mao X, Zhang J, Zheng L (2017) pH-switchable
and self-healable hydrogels based on ketone type acylhydrazone dynamic covalent bonds. Soft
Matter 13:7371–7380. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7sm00916j
32. An H, Xu K, Chang L, Wang Y, Qin J, Li W (2018) Thermo-responsive self-healable hydrogels
with extremely mild base degradability and bio-compatibility. Polymer 147:38–47. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.063
33. Shen J, Wang X, An H, Chang L, Wang Y, Li W, Qin J (2019) Cross-linking induced
thermoresponsive hydrogel with light emitting and self-healing property. J Polym Sci A
Polym Chem 57:869–877. https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.29337
34. Li Z, Zhou F, Li Z, Lin S, Chen L, Liu L, Chen Y (2018) Hydrogel cross-linked with dynamic
covalent bonding and micellization for promoting burn wound healing. ACS Appl Mater
Interfaces 10:25194–25202. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b08165
35. Sharma PK, Taneja S, Singh Y (2018) Hydrazone-linkage-based self-healing and injectable
xanthan-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels for controlled drug release and 3D cell culture. ACS
Appl Mater Interfaces 10:30936–30945. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b07310
Self-Healing Hydrogels Based on Reversible Covalent Linkages: A Survey of. . .
291