36
S. K. Das et al.
18. Hirasawa S, Badarinarayan H, Okamoto K, Tomimura T, Kawanami T (2010) Analysis of
effect of tool geometry on plastic flow during friction stir spot welding using particle method. J
Mater Process Technol 210(11):1455–1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.04.003
19. Imam M, Ueji R, Fujii H (2015) Microstructural control and mechanical properties in friction
stir welding of medium carbon low alloy S45C steel. Mater Sci Eng A 636:24–34. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.msea.2015.03.089
20. Imam M, Ueji R, Fujii H (2016) Effect of online rapid cooling on microstructure and mechanical
properties of friction stir welded medium carbon steel. J Mater Process Technol 230:62–71.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.11.015
21. Jafarzadegan M, Feng AH, Abdollah-zadeh A, Saeid T, Shen J, Assadi H (2012) Microstructural
characterization in dissimilar friction stir welding between 304 stainless steel and st37 steel.
Mater Charact 74:28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2012.09.004
22. Kallee SW (2010) Industrial applications of friction stir welding. In: Lohwasser D, Chen Z
(eds) Friction stir welding. Woodhead Publishing, pp 118–163. https://doi.org/10.1533/978184
5697716.1.118
23. Kalvala PR, Akram J, Misra M, Ramachandran D, Gabbita JR (2016) Low temperature friction
stir welding of P91 steel. Defence Technol 12(4):285–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2015.
11.003
24. Karami S, Jafarian H, Eivani AR, Kheirandish S (2016) Engineering tensile properties by
controlling welding parameters and microstructure in a mild steel processed by friction stir
welding. Mater Sci Eng A 670:68–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.06.008
25. Lakshminarayanan AK, Balasubramanian V (2012) Assessment of fatigue life and crack growth
resistance of friction stir welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints. Mater Sci Eng A
539:143–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.01.071
26. Larsson H, Karlsson L, Stoltz S, Bergqvist EL (2000) Joining of dissimilar Al alloys by friction
stir welding. In: 2nd international symposium on friction stir welding, Gothenburg, Sweden,
TWI Ltd.
27. Lee CY, Choi DH, Yeon YM, Jung SB (2009) Dissimilar friction stir spot welding of low carbon
steel and Al–Mg alloy by formation of IMCs. Sci Technol Weld Joining 14(3):216–220. https://
doi.org/10.1179/136217109X400439
28. Lee W-B, Jung S-B (2004) The joint properties of copper by friction stir welding. Mater Lett
58(6):1041–1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2003.08.014
29. Lee W-B, Lee C-Y, Chang W-S, Yeon Y-M, Jung S-B (2005) Microstructural investigation of
friction stir welded pure titanium. Mater Lett 59(26):3315–3318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mat
let.2005.05.064
30. Lee WB, Yeon YM, Jung SB (2003) Joint properties of friction stir welded AZ31B–H24
magnesium alloy. Mater Sci Technol 19(6):785–790. https://doi.org/10.1179/026708303225
001867
31. Li H, Mackenzie D, Hamilton R (2010) Parametric finite-element studies on the effect of tool
shape in friction stir welding. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part B J Eng Manuf 224(8):1161–1173.
https://doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem1810
32. Li H, Yang S, Zhang S, Zhang B, Jiang Z, Feng H, Han P, Li J (2017) Microstructure evolution
and mechanical properties of friction stir welding super-austenitic stainless steel S32654. Mater
Des 118:207–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.01.034
33. Liao J, Yamamoto N, Nakata K (2009) Effect of dispersed intermetallic particles on microstructural evolution in the friction stir weld of a fine-grained magnesium alloy. Metallur Mater Trans
A 40(9):2212–2219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-9921-2
34. Meran C, Kovan V (2008) Microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded
dissimilar copper/brass joints. Materialwiss Werkstofftech 39(8):521–530. https://doi.org/10.
1002/mawe.200800278
35. Meshram SD, Paradkar AG, Reddy GM, Pandey S (2017) Friction stir welding: An alternative
to fusion welding for better stress corrosion cracking resistance of maraging steel. J Manuf
Process 25:94–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.11.005
S. K. Das et al.
18. Hirasawa S, Badarinarayan H, Okamoto K, Tomimura T, Kawanami T (2010) Analysis of
effect of tool geometry on plastic flow during friction stir spot welding using particle method. J
Mater Process Technol 210(11):1455–1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.04.003
19. Imam M, Ueji R, Fujii H (2015) Microstructural control and mechanical properties in friction
stir welding of medium carbon low alloy S45C steel. Mater Sci Eng A 636:24–34. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.msea.2015.03.089
20. Imam M, Ueji R, Fujii H (2016) Effect of online rapid cooling on microstructure and mechanical
properties of friction stir welded medium carbon steel. J Mater Process Technol 230:62–71.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.11.015
21. Jafarzadegan M, Feng AH, Abdollah-zadeh A, Saeid T, Shen J, Assadi H (2012) Microstructural
characterization in dissimilar friction stir welding between 304 stainless steel and st37 steel.
Mater Charact 74:28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2012.09.004
22. Kallee SW (2010) Industrial applications of friction stir welding. In: Lohwasser D, Chen Z
(eds) Friction stir welding. Woodhead Publishing, pp 118–163. https://doi.org/10.1533/978184
5697716.1.118
23. Kalvala PR, Akram J, Misra M, Ramachandran D, Gabbita JR (2016) Low temperature friction
stir welding of P91 steel. Defence Technol 12(4):285–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2015.
11.003
24. Karami S, Jafarian H, Eivani AR, Kheirandish S (2016) Engineering tensile properties by
controlling welding parameters and microstructure in a mild steel processed by friction stir
welding. Mater Sci Eng A 670:68–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.06.008
25. Lakshminarayanan AK, Balasubramanian V (2012) Assessment of fatigue life and crack growth
resistance of friction stir welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints. Mater Sci Eng A
539:143–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.01.071
26. Larsson H, Karlsson L, Stoltz S, Bergqvist EL (2000) Joining of dissimilar Al alloys by friction
stir welding. In: 2nd international symposium on friction stir welding, Gothenburg, Sweden,
TWI Ltd.
27. Lee CY, Choi DH, Yeon YM, Jung SB (2009) Dissimilar friction stir spot welding of low carbon
steel and Al–Mg alloy by formation of IMCs. Sci Technol Weld Joining 14(3):216–220. https://
doi.org/10.1179/136217109X400439
28. Lee W-B, Jung S-B (2004) The joint properties of copper by friction stir welding. Mater Lett
58(6):1041–1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2003.08.014
29. Lee W-B, Lee C-Y, Chang W-S, Yeon Y-M, Jung S-B (2005) Microstructural investigation of
friction stir welded pure titanium. Mater Lett 59(26):3315–3318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mat
let.2005.05.064
30. Lee WB, Yeon YM, Jung SB (2003) Joint properties of friction stir welded AZ31B–H24
magnesium alloy. Mater Sci Technol 19(6):785–790. https://doi.org/10.1179/026708303225
001867
31. Li H, Mackenzie D, Hamilton R (2010) Parametric finite-element studies on the effect of tool
shape in friction stir welding. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part B J Eng Manuf 224(8):1161–1173.
https://doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem1810
32. Li H, Yang S, Zhang S, Zhang B, Jiang Z, Feng H, Han P, Li J (2017) Microstructure evolution
and mechanical properties of friction stir welding super-austenitic stainless steel S32654. Mater
Des 118:207–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.01.034
33. Liao J, Yamamoto N, Nakata K (2009) Effect of dispersed intermetallic particles on microstructural evolution in the friction stir weld of a fine-grained magnesium alloy. Metallur Mater Trans
A 40(9):2212–2219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-9921-2
34. Meran C, Kovan V (2008) Microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded
dissimilar copper/brass joints. Materialwiss Werkstofftech 39(8):521–530. https://doi.org/10.
1002/mawe.200800278
35. Meshram SD, Paradkar AG, Reddy GM, Pandey S (2017) Friction stir welding: An alternative
to fusion welding for better stress corrosion cracking resistance of maraging steel. J Manuf
Process 25:94–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.11.005