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Fig. 8.6 Picture depicting a document of procedure qualification record
document contains the parameters and techniques used during welding. After acceptance of all the formal documentation, monitoring of the welding operations becomes
essential. This will ensure that the optimized welding parameters are maintained each
time, and the weldment retains the required properties without any welding defect.
This marks the importance and need for monitoring of welding.
As mentioned in the beginning of this section, monitoring refers to determination
of few characteristics in a process required to make useful decisions. Figure 8.7
presents a generic block diagram for monitoring and control of a manufacturing
process. It resembles periodic tracking of an activity by gathering and analysing
data and other available information. Monitoring is performed either directly or
indirectly. They help in determining the quality of the job being manufactured. For
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