4
S. K. Das et al.
Fig. 1.2 a Various heat-affected zones and b tilt of FSW tool (exaggerated representation)
side of the pin. And finally, the material cools as it comes out of the influence of the
tool. The workpiece material experiences these zones in a cyclic manner as the tool
progresses about the intended weld line in the workpieces.
Post-weld, FSW joints exhibit distinct regions which can be observed through
microstructural characterizations. The commonly accepted terminology for these
zones (refer Fig. 1.3 is as follows [65]:
• Parent material (unaffected zone): This region is never deformed and remains
completely unaffected by the welding even though it may have been exposed to
S. K. Das et al.
Fig. 1.2 a Various heat-affected zones and b tilt of FSW tool (exaggerated representation)
side of the pin. And finally, the material cools as it comes out of the influence of the
tool. The workpiece material experiences these zones in a cyclic manner as the tool
progresses about the intended weld line in the workpieces.
Post-weld, FSW joints exhibit distinct regions which can be observed through
microstructural characterizations. The commonly accepted terminology for these
zones (refer Fig. 1.3 is as follows [65]:
• Parent material (unaffected zone): This region is never deformed and remains
completely unaffected by the welding even though it may have been exposed to