United Kingdom 85
electrified. Moreover, the combination of renewable generation with substantial energy demand reductions will require more policy attention. While this
suggests that more weight may need to be placed on renewables in the UK’s
low- carbon future, there remain significant risks here as well. The most serious
among them is the development of cheap enough bulk seasonal storage to
overcome intermittency problems and the high costs that may still attach to
developing many more GW of renewable capacity.
Our final conclusion is therefore that both a mainly new nuclear and a
mainly renewable pathway need significant work to overcome a range of
important risks. Research here needs to engage with a wider range of stakeholders and concentrate on ways in which public support and legitimacy can be
secured for mitigation strategies that will probably involve significant future
public or consumer subsidy.
References
Allen, P., Chatterton, T. (2013). Carbon reduction scenarios for 2050: An explorative
analysis of public preferences. Energy Policy 63, 796–808.
Bracken, L.J., Bulkeley, H.A., Maynard, C.M. (2014). Micro- hydro power in the UK:
The role of communities in an emerging energy resource. Energy Policy 68, 92–101.
Colmenar- Santos, A., Perera- Perez, J., Borge- Diez, D., dePalacio- Rodríguez, C. (2016).
Offshore wind energy: A review of the current status, challenges and future development in Spain. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 64, 1–18.
Community Energy England (2018). Community Energy State of the Sector 2018. Available at: https://communityenergyengland.org/files/document/169/1530262460_CEE_
StateoftheSectorReportv.1.51.pdf [accessed 24 August 2018].
Cowell, R., Ellis, G., Sherry- Brennan, F., Strachan, P.A., Toke, D. (2017). Energy transitions, sub- national government and regime flexibility: How has devolution in the
United Kingdom affected renewable energy development? Energy Research & Social
Science 23, 169–181.
Cox, E., Lieu, J., MacKerron, G., Alvarez- Tinoco, R. (2016). Transitions Pathways and
Risks Analysis for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies. D3.2 Context UK
Nuclear Power. TRANSrisk Project. EC Horizon 2020: ID 642260. Available at:
http://transrisk- project.eu/sites/default/files/Documents/D3_2_CaseStudy_UK.pdf
[accessed 24 February 2017].
Department for Business Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) (2017a). Small Modular
Reactors competition: phase one. A competition to gather evidence to inform policy development on Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). Available at: www.gov.uk/government/publications/small- modular-reactors- competition-phase- one [accessed 12 April 2018].
Department for Business Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) (2017b). Consultation on
the sitting criteria and process for a new National Policy Statement for nuclear power with
single reactor capacity over 1Gigawatt beyond 2025. Available at: www.gov.uk/govern
ment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/665590/061217_FINAL_NPS_
Siting_Consultation_Document.pdf [accessed on 9 December 2017].
DUKES (2017). Digest of United Kingdom Statistics, July 2017. Department for Business,
Energy & Industrial Strategy. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/gov
ernment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/643414/DUKES_2017.pdf
[accessed 30 April 30 2018].
electrified. Moreover, the combination of renewable generation with substantial energy demand reductions will require more policy attention. While this
suggests that more weight may need to be placed on renewables in the UK’s
low- carbon future, there remain significant risks here as well. The most serious
among them is the development of cheap enough bulk seasonal storage to
overcome intermittency problems and the high costs that may still attach to
developing many more GW of renewable capacity.
Our final conclusion is therefore that both a mainly new nuclear and a
mainly renewable pathway need significant work to overcome a range of
important risks. Research here needs to engage with a wider range of stakeholders and concentrate on ways in which public support and legitimacy can be
secured for mitigation strategies that will probably involve significant future
public or consumer subsidy.
References
Allen, P., Chatterton, T. (2013). Carbon reduction scenarios for 2050: An explorative
analysis of public preferences. Energy Policy 63, 796–808.
Bracken, L.J., Bulkeley, H.A., Maynard, C.M. (2014). Micro- hydro power in the UK:
The role of communities in an emerging energy resource. Energy Policy 68, 92–101.
Colmenar- Santos, A., Perera- Perez, J., Borge- Diez, D., dePalacio- Rodríguez, C. (2016).
Offshore wind energy: A review of the current status, challenges and future development in Spain. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 64, 1–18.
Community Energy England (2018). Community Energy State of the Sector 2018. Available at: https://communityenergyengland.org/files/document/169/1530262460_CEE_
StateoftheSectorReportv.1.51.pdf [accessed 24 August 2018].
Cowell, R., Ellis, G., Sherry- Brennan, F., Strachan, P.A., Toke, D. (2017). Energy transitions, sub- national government and regime flexibility: How has devolution in the
United Kingdom affected renewable energy development? Energy Research & Social
Science 23, 169–181.
Cox, E., Lieu, J., MacKerron, G., Alvarez- Tinoco, R. (2016). Transitions Pathways and
Risks Analysis for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies. D3.2 Context UK
Nuclear Power. TRANSrisk Project. EC Horizon 2020: ID 642260. Available at:
http://transrisk- project.eu/sites/default/files/Documents/D3_2_CaseStudy_UK.pdf
[accessed 24 February 2017].
Department for Business Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) (2017a). Small Modular
Reactors competition: phase one. A competition to gather evidence to inform policy development on Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). Available at: www.gov.uk/government/publications/small- modular-reactors- competition-phase- one [accessed 12 April 2018].
Department for Business Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) (2017b). Consultation on
the sitting criteria and process for a new National Policy Statement for nuclear power with
single reactor capacity over 1Gigawatt beyond 2025. Available at: www.gov.uk/govern
ment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/665590/061217_FINAL_NPS_
Siting_Consultation_Document.pdf [accessed on 9 December 2017].
DUKES (2017). Digest of United Kingdom Statistics, July 2017. Department for Business,
Energy & Industrial Strategy. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/gov
ernment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/643414/DUKES_2017.pdf
[accessed 30 April 30 2018].