store enough hydrogen fuel. Because the volume of cylinders is limited by the space
inside the car, normally the volume of hydrogen storage cylinders on cars can be
140*200 L.
The Van der Waals equation for gases is
p þ
M
2
l 2
a
V 2
V À
M
l
b
¼
M
l
RT
ð13:11Þ
where
P Cylinder pressure (MPa);
T Cylinder thermodynamic temperature (K);
R Gas constant;
V Cylinder volume, V = 160 L;
l Molar mass of hydrogen.
Van der Waals constant a ¼ 0:0244 m
6
Á MPa=kmol
2
; b ¼ 0:027m
3
=kmol.
By using the Van der Waals equation of real gas, the hydrogen storage mass of a
hydrogen-powered automobile cylinder can be calculated. The theoretical results
are shown in Table 13.3.
Driving distance v/(km/s)
Flow
/(g/s)
Fig. 13.6 Velocity flow
relationship
Table 13.3 Mass of hydrogen storage in vehicle-borne gas cylinders of a hydrogen energy
vehicle
Cylinder pressure/
MPa
Cylinder
volume/L
Storage
temperature/°C
Hydrogen storage
capacity/kg
35
160
20
3.5
70
160
20
5.5
13.2 Hydrogen Transmission and Hydrogenation Characteristics …
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