Index
441
advantage, combustion engine and
battery, 328
air delivery subsystems, stack
compressor types, 333
pressure, 332–333
bipolar plates
graphite composite, 328
reactant gases, 328
for shock and vibration, 328–329
fuel delivery subsystem, stack
anode operation, 332
humidification, 332
hydrogen sources, 332
packaging
humidification, proton exchange
mechanism, 335–336
MEAs, temperature and
humidification, 336
power density, 336
thermal requirement, 335
proton, anode and
cathode, 328
sizing, stack
coolant temperature, 335
efficiency, 334
high pressure, low-cathode
stoichiometry operations, 335
humidification, 335
ICEVs, 335
temperature operation, high,
334–335
water requirement, 335
stacks
air supply, 330
commercial, automotive
applications, 330
constituents, 328
coolant, deionized water, 332
high temperature and low
humidity, 331–332
hydrogen supply, 330
key system metrics, 329
onboard fuel processors
drawback, 331
operating temperatures, 329
power density, 329
prehumidification, 329
radiator technology, 331
subfreezing temperatures, 332
subsystems, 229–330
supercharging mechanism, 331
thermal management
subsystems, 331
water management system,
330–331
system efficiency
defined, 334
stack efficiency, defined, 334
water and thermal management
subsystems, stack
automotive coolants, conductive
and corrosive nature, 333
gasfed humidification, 333
heat exchangers, 333
Optimal operation line (OOL), engine,
378–379
Oxydiesel biodegradability, 137
Ozone formation, 6
P
PAFC, see Phosphoric acid fuel cells
(PAFC)
PAHs, see Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Palm oil oxidation stability, 62
Parallel hybrid system
configuration
advantage, 365
electric motor, 364–365
feature, 363
mechanism, 364
propulsion devices, 365
operation
battery charging, 368
decelerating/braking, 368
launching/accelerating, 368
during normal driving, 368
operating modes, 368–369
Partial oxidation, 89
PEFC-Li-ion battery powered hybrid
cars, 336
PEFC-Ni/MH battery powered hybrid
cars, 336
PEFCs, see Polymer electrolyte fuel cells
(PEFCs)
Petrol and LPG, 206
Petroleum-based diesel fuel, 24
441
advantage, combustion engine and
battery, 328
air delivery subsystems, stack
compressor types, 333
pressure, 332–333
bipolar plates
graphite composite, 328
reactant gases, 328
for shock and vibration, 328–329
fuel delivery subsystem, stack
anode operation, 332
humidification, 332
hydrogen sources, 332
packaging
humidification, proton exchange
mechanism, 335–336
MEAs, temperature and
humidification, 336
power density, 336
thermal requirement, 335
proton, anode and
cathode, 328
sizing, stack
coolant temperature, 335
efficiency, 334
high pressure, low-cathode
stoichiometry operations, 335
humidification, 335
ICEVs, 335
temperature operation, high,
334–335
water requirement, 335
stacks
air supply, 330
commercial, automotive
applications, 330
constituents, 328
coolant, deionized water, 332
high temperature and low
humidity, 331–332
hydrogen supply, 330
key system metrics, 329
onboard fuel processors
drawback, 331
operating temperatures, 329
power density, 329
prehumidification, 329
radiator technology, 331
subfreezing temperatures, 332
subsystems, 229–330
supercharging mechanism, 331
thermal management
subsystems, 331
water management system,
330–331
system efficiency
defined, 334
stack efficiency, defined, 334
water and thermal management
subsystems, stack
automotive coolants, conductive
and corrosive nature, 333
gasfed humidification, 333
heat exchangers, 333
Optimal operation line (OOL), engine,
378–379
Oxydiesel biodegradability, 137
Ozone formation, 6
P
PAFC, see Phosphoric acid fuel cells
(PAFC)
PAHs, see Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Palm oil oxidation stability, 62
Parallel hybrid system
configuration
advantage, 365
electric motor, 364–365
feature, 363
mechanism, 364
propulsion devices, 365
operation
battery charging, 368
decelerating/braking, 368
launching/accelerating, 368
during normal driving, 368
operating modes, 368–369
Partial oxidation, 89
PEFC-Li-ion battery powered hybrid
cars, 336
PEFC-Ni/MH battery powered hybrid
cars, 336
PEFCs, see Polymer electrolyte fuel cells
(PEFCs)
Petrol and LPG, 206
Petroleum-based diesel fuel, 24