Index
437
hydrocarbon reformation, 247–248
pyrolysis, conversion of,
248–249
reformation of plasma, 249
from water, 249
properties of
chemical properties, 251
fuel properties, 251–255
physical properties,
249–251
safety measures for, 260–263
spark ignition engines, in (see Spark
ignition (SI) engines)
storage of
compressed hydrogen,
282–283
liquid hydrogen, 281–282
onboard-hydrogen storage,
285–288
solid hydrogen, 283–285
use as fuel, 244
from water, 14
well-to-tank matrix, 257
WTW energy and GHG emissions
for, 258
Hydrogen−CNG (HCNG) engines,
274–279
burn mixtures emissions, 280
data, 277
experimental results, 277
fuel and CO 2 reduction
for, 281
hydrogen leverage defined, 276
ICE fueled
efficiency and emissions of, 278
LHV
for different percentages of
hydrogen, 275
methane, 274
laminar burning speed, 275
project for, 275–276
test at ENEA Research Centre,
278–281
I
India
CO 2 emissions, 6
crude oil consumption, 5
Indirect greenhouse gases, 6
Integrated-starter generator (ISG)
micro hybrid, 365
mild hybrid, 366
operation
BDF-DSPM machine, 376
brushless doubly fed doubly
salient (BDFDS) machine,
375–376
cold cranking and battery
charging, 373–374
DC-DC-AC converter, 376
doubly salient PM (DSPM)
machine, 375
induction machine, 374
integrated-starter-generator
system, HEVs, 373–375
multilevel inverter, 376
permanent-magnet (PM)
brushless machines, 375
power converter, 376
resonant inverter, 376
separated-starter-generator
system, ICEVs, 373, 375
switched reluctance (SR) machine,
374–375
Internal combustion engines (ICEs), 245,
322
Internal combustion engine vehicles
(ICEVs), 362; see also Hybrid
electric vehicles (HEVs)
and FCVs
radiator performance, 335
thermal requirement, 335
Iodine number, 61–62
J
Jatropha–palm biodiesel, 62
K
Kyota Protocol of 1997, 6
L
Lead-acid batteries
advantages, 308
in charged state, 307
437
hydrocarbon reformation, 247–248
pyrolysis, conversion of,
248–249
reformation of plasma, 249
from water, 249
properties of
chemical properties, 251
fuel properties, 251–255
physical properties,
249–251
safety measures for, 260–263
spark ignition engines, in (see Spark
ignition (SI) engines)
storage of
compressed hydrogen,
282–283
liquid hydrogen, 281–282
onboard-hydrogen storage,
285–288
solid hydrogen, 283–285
use as fuel, 244
from water, 14
well-to-tank matrix, 257
WTW energy and GHG emissions
for, 258
Hydrogen−CNG (HCNG) engines,
274–279
burn mixtures emissions, 280
data, 277
experimental results, 277
fuel and CO 2 reduction
for, 281
hydrogen leverage defined, 276
ICE fueled
efficiency and emissions of, 278
LHV
for different percentages of
hydrogen, 275
methane, 274
laminar burning speed, 275
project for, 275–276
test at ENEA Research Centre,
278–281
I
India
CO 2 emissions, 6
crude oil consumption, 5
Indirect greenhouse gases, 6
Integrated-starter generator (ISG)
micro hybrid, 365
mild hybrid, 366
operation
BDF-DSPM machine, 376
brushless doubly fed doubly
salient (BDFDS) machine,
375–376
cold cranking and battery
charging, 373–374
DC-DC-AC converter, 376
doubly salient PM (DSPM)
machine, 375
induction machine, 374
integrated-starter-generator
system, HEVs, 373–375
multilevel inverter, 376
permanent-magnet (PM)
brushless machines, 375
power converter, 376
resonant inverter, 376
separated-starter-generator
system, ICEVs, 373, 375
switched reluctance (SR) machine,
374–375
Internal combustion engines (ICEs), 245,
322
Internal combustion engine vehicles
(ICEVs), 362; see also Hybrid
electric vehicles (HEVs)
and FCVs
radiator performance, 335
thermal requirement, 335
Iodine number, 61–62
J
Jatropha–palm biodiesel, 62
K
Kyota Protocol of 1997, 6
L
Lead-acid batteries
advantages, 308
in charged state, 307