134
6 Nanomaterials for Batteries
Fig. 6.4 a Discharge/charge curves of a Si anode, reprinted from Ref. (Lee et al. 2004), copyright
2004, with permission from The Electrochemical Society. b–d The SEM images of Si electrode
surface at 3rd, 8th, and 50th cycle, respectively, reprinted from Ref. (Liu et al. 2016), copyright
2016, with permission from Nature
disadvantages cause that the Si electrode cannot be used in commercial field. Even
worse, its discharge/charge capacity reduces very fast at 10 cycles. Figure 6.4a
shows discharge/charge curves of Si electrode at different cycling cycles. Meanwhile,
Fig. 6.4b–d displays many cracks at different cycling. Hence, the active material may
not contact with electrode surface.
Many research groups try to investigate the potential natural phenomenon to solve
these problems. Hence, some previous works have revealed the failure modes of Si
anodes materials. The electrode failure modes due to the serious volume change are
mainly divided into the following three points.
(1) Serious volume changes cause strong internal stress on the surface of Si and
pulverization of the Si morphology. By the way, several of alloy-type materials
have the same phenomenon.
(2) Some active materials lose the electrical contact with the contiguous units, the
conductive networks, and the current collector due to serious volume change.
Therefore, the active materials exhibit the self-isolation and low electrical
conductivity.
6 Nanomaterials for Batteries
Fig. 6.4 a Discharge/charge curves of a Si anode, reprinted from Ref. (Lee et al. 2004), copyright
2004, with permission from The Electrochemical Society. b–d The SEM images of Si electrode
surface at 3rd, 8th, and 50th cycle, respectively, reprinted from Ref. (Liu et al. 2016), copyright
2016, with permission from Nature
disadvantages cause that the Si electrode cannot be used in commercial field. Even
worse, its discharge/charge capacity reduces very fast at 10 cycles. Figure 6.4a
shows discharge/charge curves of Si electrode at different cycling cycles. Meanwhile,
Fig. 6.4b–d displays many cracks at different cycling. Hence, the active material may
not contact with electrode surface.
Many research groups try to investigate the potential natural phenomenon to solve
these problems. Hence, some previous works have revealed the failure modes of Si
anodes materials. The electrode failure modes due to the serious volume change are
mainly divided into the following three points.
(1) Serious volume changes cause strong internal stress on the surface of Si and
pulverization of the Si morphology. By the way, several of alloy-type materials
have the same phenomenon.
(2) Some active materials lose the electrical contact with the contiguous units, the
conductive networks, and the current collector due to serious volume change.
Therefore, the active materials exhibit the self-isolation and low electrical
conductivity.