Table 2.8 Effects of different polymers on the aquatic organisms
Organisms
Type of
polymer
Effects
References
Daphnia magna
Polystyrene
Small plastic particles are present in the
intestine and transferred to the oil storages
Rosenkranz
et al. (2009)
_
Polyethylene
It increases their life span but decreases
their recovery
Jemec et al.
(2016)
_
Polyethylene
terephthalate
Intake of microparticles causes inactivaty
with time
Rehse et al.
(2016)
_
Polystyrene
Their body size reduced, reproduction
level changed, and also causing a decrease
in size and formation of neonates
Besseling
et al. (2014)
Daphnia magna
(planktonic
crustacean)
Methyl
methacrylate
Ingestion and removal of significant
amount of nanoparticles
Booth et al.
(2016)
Copepod and
decapod crustaceans
Calanus
helgolandicus,
Oithona similis
Polystyrene
Polyethylene
Nylon
Energy deficit in all species except
O. similis
Cole et al.
(2013)
Marine copepod
(Paracyclopina
nana)
Polystyrene
Developmental delays and delayed
molting, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels
Jeong et al.
(2017)
Euryhaline wheel
animalcules
(B. plicatilis)
Polystyrene
Reduction in growth, reproduction and life
span
Jeong et al.
(2016)
Warm-temperate
copepod
(C. helgolandicus)
Polystyrene
Changes in feeding and reproduction
Cole et al.
(2015)
Tigriopusa
japonicus
Polystyrene
Death and reduction in fertility
Lee et al.
(2013)
Amphipod
(Hyalella azteca)
Polypropylene Reduction in reproduction and growth
Talley et al.
(2015)
Platorchestia
smithi
Polyethylene
Taking longer time to change their habitats Tosetto
(2016)
Arenicola marina
Polyethylene,
polyvinyl
chloride
Metabolism rate increased,
decreased biomass
Green et al.
(2016)
Barnacles
(Megabalanus
azoricus)
Polyvinyl
chloride
Reduced oxygen consumption
Hentschel
(2015)
Artemia
franciscana
Polystyrene
Inactivitiy and long-lasting microparticle
retention time
Bergami
et al. (2016)
Blue mussel
(Mytilus edulis)
Polystyrene
Increase in urine and reduction in filtration Wegner
et al. (2012)
Pacific oyster
(Crassostrea
gigas)
Reduced number of oocytes and reproduction from affected parents
Sussarellu
et al. (2016)
(continued)
2 Identification and Remediation of Plastics as Water Contaminant
75
Organisms
Type of
polymer
Effects
References
Daphnia magna
Polystyrene
Small plastic particles are present in the
intestine and transferred to the oil storages
Rosenkranz
et al. (2009)
_
Polyethylene
It increases their life span but decreases
their recovery
Jemec et al.
(2016)
_
Polyethylene
terephthalate
Intake of microparticles causes inactivaty
with time
Rehse et al.
(2016)
_
Polystyrene
Their body size reduced, reproduction
level changed, and also causing a decrease
in size and formation of neonates
Besseling
et al. (2014)
Daphnia magna
(planktonic
crustacean)
Methyl
methacrylate
Ingestion and removal of significant
amount of nanoparticles
Booth et al.
(2016)
Copepod and
decapod crustaceans
Calanus
helgolandicus,
Oithona similis
Polystyrene
Polyethylene
Nylon
Energy deficit in all species except
O. similis
Cole et al.
(2013)
Marine copepod
(Paracyclopina
nana)
Polystyrene
Developmental delays and delayed
molting, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels
Jeong et al.
(2017)
Euryhaline wheel
animalcules
(B. plicatilis)
Polystyrene
Reduction in growth, reproduction and life
span
Jeong et al.
(2016)
Warm-temperate
copepod
(C. helgolandicus)
Polystyrene
Changes in feeding and reproduction
Cole et al.
(2015)
Tigriopusa
japonicus
Polystyrene
Death and reduction in fertility
Lee et al.
(2013)
Amphipod
(Hyalella azteca)
Polypropylene Reduction in reproduction and growth
Talley et al.
(2015)
Platorchestia
smithi
Polyethylene
Taking longer time to change their habitats Tosetto
(2016)
Arenicola marina
Polyethylene,
polyvinyl
chloride
Metabolism rate increased,
decreased biomass
Green et al.
(2016)
Barnacles
(Megabalanus
azoricus)
Polyvinyl
chloride
Reduced oxygen consumption
Hentschel
(2015)
Artemia
franciscana
Polystyrene
Inactivitiy and long-lasting microparticle
retention time
Bergami
et al. (2016)
Blue mussel
(Mytilus edulis)
Polystyrene
Increase in urine and reduction in filtration Wegner
et al. (2012)
Pacific oyster
(Crassostrea
gigas)
Reduced number of oocytes and reproduction from affected parents
Sussarellu
et al. (2016)
(continued)
2 Identification and Remediation of Plastics as Water Contaminant
75