motion deform the boom’s structure, reducing its effectiveness (Lee and Kang
1997).
The containment booms are of various types according to their operation conditions like coastal, estuary waters, and open sea. The boom design, operation conditions, and improved booms are the subject of much research. Structural analysis of
oil booms is an effective method to select suitable oil boom for various environmental conditions, investigate the effect of operational conditions, and optimize the
oil boom design. The best position of booms is a less well, which affects the oil
containment and boom resistance against currents (Muttin 2015).
Zhu and Strunin (2001) presented a mathematical model using a potential theory
for a vertical barrier like a vertical floating boom in oil/water system. The model was
formulated by nonlinear integral equations. This model predicts the oil confined by
floating boom. Zhu and Strunin investigated the confined oil by use of water–oil
upstream contact point with the rigid lid. The results showed that the leakage beneath
the barrier was impossible in stagnation contact point, while in tangential contact
point, Froude number was used to estimate flow behaviour. In another study, they
presented new results of obtained model and discussed the relationship between
Froude number, the amount of trapped oil, and the barrier submergence depth (Zhu
and Strunin 2002). The viscous effects were used to upgrade the presented model in
their previous study.
Muttin (2008) investigated the boom efficiency and its behavior under a strong
current. His case study analysis showed that the boom skirt angle changed and
decreased the boom efficiency. Moreover, a model was proposed to analyze the
structure of oil booms in inshore and estuary waters. The results indicated that the
angle (θ) between the cross section of the boom skirt and the vertical axis influenced
the containment efficiency. Therefore, controlling the boom position by use of a
three-dimensional boom model is essential. On the other hand, the chain and the
leach stiffness changed the skirt angle. Figure 12.4 shows the effect of current
velocity on the skirt angle. According to the obtained third-degree polynomial for
presented data in Fig. 12.4, the inflexion of curve was at 0.45 m/s, while the empiric
value was 0.35 m/s for the maximal admitted current velocity.
These results showed the nonlinear manner of the boom structure. To prevent
breaking the booms, a computation using tide coefficient of an installation period
was suggested. Depending on where the oil pollution occurred, the crisis team
should have the best choice with respect to the intrinsic limitation of the booms.
In another study, a realistic physical model was used to investigate the relationship between the design parameters of a floating boom and its efficiency under
different waves and current conditions (irregular and regular). In this study, various
booms were used, which were different in geometry properties and buoyancy–
weight ratio (Castro et al. 2010). Computer Vision system developed ad hoc was
applied for analyzing the boom displacements. The effective boom drafts are defined
in order to characterize the booms’ performance.
12 Remediation of Pollution by Oil Spills
399
1997).
The containment booms are of various types according to their operation conditions like coastal, estuary waters, and open sea. The boom design, operation conditions, and improved booms are the subject of much research. Structural analysis of
oil booms is an effective method to select suitable oil boom for various environmental conditions, investigate the effect of operational conditions, and optimize the
oil boom design. The best position of booms is a less well, which affects the oil
containment and boom resistance against currents (Muttin 2015).
Zhu and Strunin (2001) presented a mathematical model using a potential theory
for a vertical barrier like a vertical floating boom in oil/water system. The model was
formulated by nonlinear integral equations. This model predicts the oil confined by
floating boom. Zhu and Strunin investigated the confined oil by use of water–oil
upstream contact point with the rigid lid. The results showed that the leakage beneath
the barrier was impossible in stagnation contact point, while in tangential contact
point, Froude number was used to estimate flow behaviour. In another study, they
presented new results of obtained model and discussed the relationship between
Froude number, the amount of trapped oil, and the barrier submergence depth (Zhu
and Strunin 2002). The viscous effects were used to upgrade the presented model in
their previous study.
Muttin (2008) investigated the boom efficiency and its behavior under a strong
current. His case study analysis showed that the boom skirt angle changed and
decreased the boom efficiency. Moreover, a model was proposed to analyze the
structure of oil booms in inshore and estuary waters. The results indicated that the
angle (θ) between the cross section of the boom skirt and the vertical axis influenced
the containment efficiency. Therefore, controlling the boom position by use of a
three-dimensional boom model is essential. On the other hand, the chain and the
leach stiffness changed the skirt angle. Figure 12.4 shows the effect of current
velocity on the skirt angle. According to the obtained third-degree polynomial for
presented data in Fig. 12.4, the inflexion of curve was at 0.45 m/s, while the empiric
value was 0.35 m/s for the maximal admitted current velocity.
These results showed the nonlinear manner of the boom structure. To prevent
breaking the booms, a computation using tide coefficient of an installation period
was suggested. Depending on where the oil pollution occurred, the crisis team
should have the best choice with respect to the intrinsic limitation of the booms.
In another study, a realistic physical model was used to investigate the relationship between the design parameters of a floating boom and its efficiency under
different waves and current conditions (irregular and regular). In this study, various
booms were used, which were different in geometry properties and buoyancy–
weight ratio (Castro et al. 2010). Computer Vision system developed ad hoc was
applied for analyzing the boom displacements. The effective boom drafts are defined
in order to characterize the booms’ performance.
12 Remediation of Pollution by Oil Spills
399